Omunye umbono udonse ukunaka kwezifundiswa, abacwaningi, kanye nama-futurists emhlabeni oshintsha njalo wokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe: i-neural lace.
Lesi sikhombimsebenzisi sekhompiyutha yobuchopho (BCI) esinamandla okushintsha indlela esibona nokuxhumana ngayo nomhlaba wangaphandle.
Ngentambo ye-neural, ubuchopho bomuntu kanye nemishini yekhompyutha ehlakaniphile izoxhunywa ngokungabonakali, ingenise inkathi entsha ye-symbiosis yomshini womuntu enemiphumela ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke.
Ileyisi ye-neural inikeza iminyango yekusasa lapho amandla omuntu echazwa kabusha futhi ubudlelwano bethu nobuchwepheshe benza inqubekelaphambili enkulu, kusukela ekuthuthukiseni amandla okuqonda nokuxhumana kuya ekunikezeni izindlela zokwelapha ezingaba khona zezifo zemizwa.
Ngijoyine njengoba ngikuthatha ohambweni ezweni elihehayo leleyisi ye-neural, lapho inganekwane yesayensi yenziwa ibe ngokoqobo futhi imikhawulo yamandla omuntu iqhutshelwa phezulu ngendlela emangalisayo.
Isingeniso se-Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)
Ubuchwepheshe obuguquguqukayo obaziwa ngokuthi “I-Brain-Computer Interface” (BCI) budala umugqa oqondile wokuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho bomuntu nezinto ezingaphandle.
Ama-BCI avumela ubuchopho ukuthi bulawule futhi buxhumane namakhompuyutha, izitho zokufakelwa, nezinye izinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi ngezimpawu ze-neural nama-impulses kagesi.
Amandla alesi sixhumanisi esibonakalayo sokuvala igebe lokusebenzelana kwezobuchwepheshe phakathi kwabantu namarobhothi makhulu kakhulu.
Ama-BCI avula umhlaba wamathuba abantu abanokulinganiselwa ngokomzimba ngokuhumusha umsebenzi wobuchopho ube yimiyalelo esebenzisekayo.
Ziphinde zibe nomthelela obanzi ezimbonini ezihlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuxhumana, kanye nezemfundo.
Ukuhlanganisa Ubuchopho Nomshini
Isixhumi esibonakalayo somshini womuntu, i-brain-computer interface (BCIs) yakhelwe ukutadisha, imephu, kanye nokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yengqondo neyenzwa ngaphandle kokudinga ukunyakaza kwangempela komzimba.
Ama-BCI angaba angahlaseli noma ahlasele, ama-electrode abekwe ngokucophelela eduze kwezicubu zobuchopho ukuze kuxhunywe imvelo.
Ngeminyaka yawo-1970 kwaqala ucwaningo lwe-BCI, nomsebenzi ka-Jacques Vidal owasungula inkulumo ethi “i-brain-computer interface.”
Ukuhlolwa kwabantu kwemishini ye-neuroprosthetic kwaqala maphakathi nawo-1990s ngenxa yokuthi ubuchopho buvumelana nezimo kanjani nokuthi inzwa yemvelo noma iziteshi ezisebenzayo zihunyushwa kanjani ngama-prostheses afakiwe.
Intuthuko Ekusebenzisaneni Kwabantu Nekhompyutha
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe ukufunda imishini ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenzisana kwabantu namakhompyutha.
Abacwaningi bathole ukunemba okukhulu ekuhlukaniseni izimo zengqondo ezifana nokukhululeka, ukungathathi hlangothi, nokugxila kanye nezimo ezingokomzwelo ezifana nezibi, ezingathathi hlangothi, nezihle ngokuhlola amaphethini esikhashana ezibalo athathwe kudatha ye-EEG ye-brainwave ye-lobe yangaphambili.
Ama-BCI aphinde akhombisa amandla ekutholweni kwe-thalamocortical dysrhythmia.
Lezi zinto ezintsha zishintsha indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nobuchwepheshe, zivule amathuba athakazelisayo okusebenzelana komshini wobuchopho okuthuthukisiwe nokuvula indlela yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizayo emikhakheni eyahlukene.
Kusukela ekuhlolweni kwezilwane kuya ku-Human Neuroprosthetics
Kuyandiswa ukuhlolwa kwezilwane kube yingxenye yokuthuthukiswa kokuxhumana kobuchopho nekhompiyutha, okuvula umnyango wentuthuko edabukisayo kuma-neuroprosthetics.
Izimpawu ezivela kuma-prostheses afakiwe zingahlanganiswa kalula, zifane nezinzwa zemvelo noma iziteshi ezisebenzayo, ngenxa ye-plasticity ye-cortical yobuchopho.
Imishini yokuqala ye-neuroprosthetic yafakwa ngempumelelo kubantu phakathi neminyaka yawo-1990, ekhombisa isithembiso sama-BCI sokuthuthukisa amakhono abantu futhi kweqe imikhawulo engokomzimba.
Lezi mpumelelo zakuqala zenze inkundla eqinile yocwaningo lwe-BCI lwesikhathi esizayo nokusungulwa.
Amathuba e-Neural Lace okuthuthukisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sekhompyutha yengqondo
Njengentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu yobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile be-Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), i-neural lace iphakamisa umugqa wokuxhumana nomshini womuntu.
Ileyisi ye-Neural ngokuyisisekelo iyinetha elihle kakhulu lama-electrode afakwa ebuchosheni futhi enze ukuxhumana okuqondile kumjikelezo wemizwa.
Ubuchopho bungakwazi ukuxhumana nemishini yangaphandle futhi ngokuphambene nalokho kuzo zombili izinkomba ngenxa yalesi sikhombimsebenzisi esimangalisayo.
Ileyisi ye-Neural ingaguqula ama-BCI ngokunikeza ukulungiswa kwesikhathi eside, okungahlanyisi, kwandise ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukusebenza kahle, nokuhlanganiswa nomzimba womuntu.
Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo Okuthuthukisiwe Komuntu
Umqondo we-neural lace uvela njengentuthuko ehamba phambili ekuziphendukeleni komuntu njengoba sisondela enkathini entsha yezimangaliso zobuchwepheshe.
Leli thuluzi elisungulayo linamandla okushintsha indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nobuchwepheshe nendawo esizungezile.
Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezincane ezibekwe ngokucophelela ebuchosheni, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-neural lace, zinikeza ukuxhumana okungenamthungo nemicabango yethu.
Ivumela ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kobuchopho bomuntu kanye nemishini yekhompuyutha ehlakaniphile ngenxa yezintambo ezixhumene, kufiphaze umehluko phakathi kobuhlakani bemvelo kanye nokuqonda komuntu.
Ukuthuthukisa Impilo Yansuku zonke Nge-Neural Lace
Akunakwenzeka ukweqisa ukuthi ingakanani i-neural lace eguqule indlela esiphila ngayo izimpilo zethu.
Ileyisi ye-Neural inikezela ngamathuba abekade ekhethekile ezinganekwaneni zesayensi ngokuthuthukisa inkumbulo futhi avumele nokukopishwa kwedijithali kwezinkumbulo.
Zibone ngeso lengqondo ukwazi ukukhumbula inqwaba yolwazi ngokuzikhandla, uxhumana namakhompiyutha ngokucabanga nje, futhi ugcina kungobo yomlando izenzakalo eziyigugu.
Esikhathini esizayo, lapho amandla omuntu namandla ekhompyutha ehlakaniphile ehlanganiswa, ubuchwepheshe be-neural lace bunamandla okuguqula indlela esifunda ngayo, ukuxhumana, nokuxhumana kwethu nomhlaba wangaphandle.
Amathuba e-Neurolace
Elon Musk's i-Neuralink ithuthukisa i-Neural Lace, i-brain-computer interface yesizukulwane esilandelayo (BCI) enamandla okushintsha ngokuphelele indlela abantu abacabanga ngayo nabaxhumana ngayo.
Ileyisi ye-Neural inika amandla ukuxhumana kwemvelo namakhompyutha ahlakaniphile ngokudala ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kobuchopho namadivayisi angaphandle kwamaselula.
Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela komsebenzi wobuchopho kwenziwa ukuba kube nemeshi emincane kakhulu yama-electrode ethulwa ebuchosheni kusetshenziswa inaliti encane kakhulu.
Lokhu futhi kwenza amakhono ekhompuyutha aqondile kusukela ekucabangeni yedwa kwenzeke. Emkhakheni othuthuka ngokushesha we ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela, lobu buchwepheshe bomhlaba bucabanga isikhathi lapho abantu kanye ne-AI bezohlangana ukuze bakhiqize "ama-AI-Human symbiotes" azoshintsha indlela esibona ngayo umhlaba.
Impendulo Engaba khona Ekubuseni kwe-AI
U-Elon Musk ubona ngeso lengqondo isixhumi esibonakalayo sekhompiyutha esibizwa ngokuthi “i-neural lace” ukuze alinganise inkundla yokudlala njengoba ekhathazekile ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) obudlula ubuhlakani bomuntu.
Nakuba lo mbono uqhutshwa ibhizinisi lika-Musk i-Neuralink, intuthuko enkulu isivele yenziwe ocwaningweni lwezintambo ze-neural.
I-electronic mesh engakwazi ukujova ebuchosheni futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele nezicubu ze-neural yachazwa ithimba lase-Harvard University eliholwa nguCharles Lieber.
Le mesh ivumela ukuqoshwa isikhathi eside kwama-neurons. Umqondo we-neural lace ungase ulethe inkathi entsha yokuxhumana komshini womuntu, ophethe isihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukuqonda komuntu, ukuqonda ukuguga, nokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwe-neurodegenerative.
Ukuqhubekela Phambili Kumbono Woleyisi We-Neural
Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2000, ilebhu kaCharles Lieber ibihamba phambili ekudaleni ubuchwepheshe be-neural lace.
Ukuqamba kwabo okusha kuhilela ukuthuthukisa ama-scaffold e-electronic mesh ukuze kukhule ubuchopho obuxhumene nezicubu zenhliziyo kanye nama-transistors angama-three-dimensional akwazi ukuxhumana namaseli.
Inalithi ingase isetshenziselwe ukujova lesi sikafula ebuchosheni, kuzuzwe ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo ngokusabela okuncane noma okungekho kwe-immunological.
Inqubo, esebenzisa ama-silicon wafers, izendlalelo ze-polymer, nemigqa yensimbi, iqonde kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe, okuvula umnyango wokusetshenziswa okungase kube khona ngaphandle kokufakelwa kobuchopho, okufana nokurekhodwa kwe-retina kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo somgogodla.
Ukuhola Indlela: Intuthuko ku-Neural Lace
Izibikezelo zangaphambili zazinethemba ngokweqile, kodwa ithimba lika-Lieber libonise ukuguquguquka kobuchwepheshe be-neural lace ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ngenxa yesilinganiso sendawo evulekile ye-mesh nekhono lokujovwa eduze ne-retina, ukuqoshwa kungenziwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukubona.
Ukwengeza, ezimweni zokulimala okukhulu komgogodla, i-neural lace ingajovwa phakathi kwama-vertebrae, isebenze njengesikhombimsebenzisi esivumelana nezimo.
Ziningi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona zaleli khono lokwenza ukuxhumana nokuxhumana ezingeni le-neuronal ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kusukela ekusizeni abantu abakhubazekile kuya ekuguquleni ukuxhumana komshini womuntu.
I-Neural Lace: Ukuthuthukisa Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezokwelapha
Imithelela ehlukahlukene yenqubekelaphambili yezokwelapha ihlinzekwa nge-neural lace, ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izifo ze-neurodegenerative njengesifo sika-Parkinson.
Ileyisi ye-Neural ibuyisela amakhono alahlekile ezigulini ngokuxhuma ama-impulses anempilo kumagajethi noma ama-prosthetics kuyilapho ivumela izimpawu zobuchopho ukuthi zidlule izindawo ezilimele.
Ucwaningo lokuqala lwamagundane aphilayo lukhiqize imiphumela ekhuthazayo, ephakamisa ithemba lokwelashwa kwabantu.
Abagxeki baphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuphepha kokulayisha ubuchopho obuqondile kanye nephrojekthi ye-neurotechnology ka-Elon Musk yokuvelela naphezu kwesithembiso sayo esikhulu.
Ukwenza Uxhumano: Amanethiwekhi E-Neural ku-Daily Life
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha, i-neural lace inamandla amakhulu okuvala ukuhlukana phakathi kwabantu nobuchwepheshe ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukunika amandla ukuxhumana okusekelwe emcabangweni kungase kuguqule indlela abantu nemishini esebenzelana ngayo, kuvumela ukuxhumana okungenazihibe Ku-inthanethi Yezinto, okuhlanganisa impahla yasendlini, izinto zokuhamba, kanye nemishini yezimboni.
Amandla okwandisa impilo yansuku zonke kanye namakhono abantu ayakhula njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-neural lace buthuthuka, bungenisa inkathi entsha yokusebenzisana okungenazihibe nomshini womuntu.
Ibhuloho Lokuxhumana: I-Neural Lace
Indwangu efana ne-ultra-mesh ebizwa ngokuthi i-neural lace, eyagqugquzelwa inganekwane yesayensi, ihloselwe ukudala ukuxhumana okungenamthungo phakathi kobuchopho bomuntu namasistimu ekhompyutha angaphandle kwamaselula.
Umqondo oyisisekelo uwukusungula umugqa oqondile wokuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho nemishini ukuze uvumele ulwazi lugeleze nhlangothi zombili.
Ama-electrode kule interface ye-neural azwela ngokwanele ukuthi ahlangane ngokwemvelo nenethiwekhi yemvelo yobuchopho kuyilapho ekwazi ukuqapha umsebenzi wobuchopho futhi ahlanganyele namasekhethi emizwa.
Ukufakwa Nokuhlanganiswa Kwezicubu Zobuchopho
Inalithi encane isetshenziswa ukuletha i-neural lace ebuchosheni; inetha eligoqiwe libe selijovwa endaweni oyifunayo.
Isakhiwo esaziwa njengesakhiwo esingena ngaphakathi siyakhiwa njengoba inetha liqaqa futhi lihambisana nezicubu zemizwa ezizungezile.
I-lace kancane kancane ihlanganiswa ebuchosheni futhi ivunyelwe ukukhula nayo noma ilungise kahle izinguquko ngosayizi.
Ngenxa yalesi sici esikhethekile, kuzoba nokusabela okuncane kwe-immunological, okuvimbela ukwenqatshwa okungaba khona noma ukulimala kokusebenzelana kobuchopho obutshaliwe.
Ukudluliswa kwesignali ye-neural okuqondile emishinini yekhompuyutha yangaphandle kwenziwa kwenzeke isixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi ngama-neuron angawodwana adalwe ukuhlelwa okunjengemeshi kwama-electrode.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo sifinyelela ukuhlanganiswa okungenakuqhathaniswa nokuhambisana nenethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yobuchopho ngokuqondisa ukwakheka nezici zemishini zeleyisi ye-neural nalezo zezinhlelo zebhayoloji.
Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulandelela nokuguqula amasekhethi obuchopho ngesikhathi sangempela, okuvula umnyango wokuqonda okungcono kanye nokwelashwa
Isithembiso Se-Neuralink's Neural Lace
U-Elon Musk wethule i-Neuralink, inhlangano yocwaningo lwezokwelapha esezingeni eliphezulu efuna ukuhlanganisa ubuchopho bomuntu nemishini ehlakaniphile.
Umgomo oyinhloko we-Neuralink uwukwenza ukuxhumana kobuchopho namakhompiyutha (BCIs), okwaziwa nangokuthi i-neural lace, ukudala ukuxhumana okungenamthungo phakathi kobuchopho bomuntu namagajethi angaphandle.
Lezi zindlela zokuxhumana eziphakeme kakhulu zomkhawulokudonsa zinamandla okuguqula indlela abantu nemishini ezisebenzelana ngayo, zivule amathuba amasha okwelashwa kwezimo zemizwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okuqonda, kanye nokuhlanganiswa ekugcineni kobuhlakani bomuntu nobokwenziwa.
Imigomo enesibindi ye-Neuralink ingashintsha indlela abantu abaguquka ngayo esikhathini esizayo kanye nendlela esisebenzisana ngayo ne-AI.
Ukugoqa - Ukuqagela Okuzayo Kweleyisi Ye-Neural
Kusazonqunywa ukuthi i-neural lace ingathinta kanjani ukuxhumana nemithi yokwelapha yezinzwa. Amandla ayo okuguqula ngokuyisisekelo izici eziningi zempilo yomuntu, nokho, angeke aqiniswe.
I-Neuralink ibekwe kahle ukuthi ithonye i-AI kanye nokusebenzisana kwamakhompiyutha abantu esikhathini esizayo ngenxa yezimali ezinkulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ileyisi ye-Neural iwubuchwepheshe obunamandla okuguqula ngokuyisisekelo indlela esiphila ngayo, kusukela ekubhekaneni nemiphumela yezifo ezibucayi kuya ekusivumeleni ukuthi silayishe futhi silande imicabango.
Ithonya lobuchwepheshe endleleni abantu nemishini esebenzisana ngayo esikhathini esizayo kanye nendlela abantu ababona ngayo umhlaba lizobonakala kakhulu njengoba likhula.
shiya impendulo