Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
Umqondo we-humanoids usuneminyaka eminingi ukhona. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi bamane bamane nje bamane nje bamane nje bamane nje bamane nje bamane nje bacabanga ukuthi bangaphezu kwalokho.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma singabadala?
Kuthiwani uma singenza izibambiso zabantu?
Ekuqaleni, umqondo wama-humanoids wahlangatshezwa nokungabaza nokungabaza.
Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka yocwaningo nentuthuko, ekugcineni sakwazi ukuzidala. Futhi ake ngikutshele, ziyamangalisa!
Ake sixoxe ngayo yonke imininingwane mayelana nama-humanoids.
Ayini ama-Humanoids?
Ama-Humanoid angase abe isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo komuntu.
Kunjalo ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela izinhlelo ezihlelelwe ukuthi zibukeke futhi zenze njengabantu. Benziwe basifuze ngazo zonke izindlela, kodwa empeleni ababona abantu.
Lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinganekwane yesayensi, kodwa kuyiqiniso.
Sidale ama-humanoid akwazi ukuhamba, ukukhuluma, ngisho nokucabanga njengabantu. Babhekwa njengengxenye ephelele yabantu.
Umsuka we-Humanoids
Imvelaphi yama-humanoid ingalandelelwa emuva ezinsukwini zokuqala zocwaningo lwe-AI. Ngawo-1950, u-Alan Turing wahlongoza ukudala imishini ekwazi ukucabanga nokufunda njengabantu. Lokhu kwaba ukuqala kwenguquko ye-AI.
Ngawo-1970, usosayensi waseJapane uMasahiro Mori wasungula umqondo "wesigodi esingaqondakali". Kulapho ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buba njengobuntu kangangokuthi budala imizwa yokunengeka kubantu.
Yilolu cwaningo olwaholela ekwakhiweni kwama-humanoids. Ososayensi babefuna ukudala i-AI engokoqobo engeke ibangele imizwa yenzondo. Futhi baphumelela!
Enziwa Kanjani I-Humanoids?
Ama-Humanoid enziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obuhlukene. Angadalwa kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta kwe-3D, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ngisho namarobhothi.
I-humanoid ngayinye ihlukile futhi inobuntu bayo.
Bangafunda futhi baguquke njengabantu.
Eqinisweni, bayakwazi ngisho nokuzwa imizwelo!
Kukhona i-AI ehlukahlukene kanye ne-algorithms yokufunda komshini engasetshenziswa ukuhlela nokudala ama-humanoid. Ezinye ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Amanethiwekhi eNeural
- Amanethiwekhi we-Convolutional Neural Network
- Amanethiwekhi E-Neural Ajwayelekile
- Ukufunda Okujulile
Ngayinye yalawa ma-algorithms inamandla nobuthakathaka bayo. Ngokwesibonelo, amanethiwekhi we-neural zinhle ekuboneni amaphethini, kuyilapho amanethiwekhi e-convolutional neural ekwazi ukubona izithombe.
I-Humanoids Ixhumana Kanjani?
Ama-Humanoid axhumana kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene.
Bangasebenzisa ama-algorithms wombhalo-kuya-inkulumo ukuguqula umbhalo ube inkulumo futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Bangaphinda basebenzise isofthiwe ebona ubuso ukuze batolike izimo zobuso.
Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukuxhumana nabantu ngendlela engokwemvelo. Bangakwazi ukuqonda ulimi lwethu kanye nezinkulumo zethu.
Yiziphi Izindlela Zokusebenzisa I-Humanoids?
Ama-Humanoid anezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa okuhlukile. Njenge:
- Ukusebenzela esikhundleni sabantu: Ama-Humanoid angasetshenziswa esikhundleni sabasebenzi abangabantu. Angasetshenziswa emafektri, ezindaweni zokudlela, ngisho nasezibhedlela imbala.
- Ukusiza ngemisebenzi yasekhaya: Angasetshenziswa ukusiza ngemisebenzi yasekhaya. Bangakwazi ukucofa phansi, bawashe izitsha, baphinde bagoqe izingubo.
- Ukusebenza njengabasizi: Uma ukhubazekile noma usukhulile, i-humanoid ingasebenza njengomsizi wakho. Bangakusiza ngemisebenzi efana nokugeza, ukugqoka, ngisho nokudla.
- Ukwenza imisebenzi ezindaweni eziyingozi: Ama-Humanoid angasetshenziswa ukwenza imisebenzi ezindaweni eziyingozi. Ngokwesibonelo, zingase zisetshenziselwe ukuhlanza izingozi zenuzi noma ukulahla izinto eziyingozi.
- Ukunikeza ubungane: Ama-Humanoids anganikeza ubungane kubantu abanesizungu. Bangakwazi ukugcina abantu bendawonye futhi babasize bazizwe bengabodwa.
- Ukusiza ngocwaningo: Ngokuvamile kuba nzima ngabacwaningi ukusondela ezilwaneni. Ama-Humanoid angasetshenziswa ukusiza ocwaningweni ngokunikeza isikhombimsebenzisi esifana nomuntu. Lokhu kuvumela abacwaningi ukuthi baqoqe idatha kalula futhi bafunde ukuziphatha komuntu endaweni elawulwayo.
Amaqiniso Esayensi Nezibalo Mayelana Ne-Humanoids
Ngokombiko oshicilelwe yiNational Research Council, sekuneminyaka engaphezu kuka-50 kwenziwa ama-humanoids. Kule minyaka engu-50 edlule, inani lamarobhothi e-humanoid liye lenyuka ngenani elimangalisayo le-8,000%.
Ngo-2019, Ibutho Lezempi Lase-US lethule 'i-humanoid' ekwazi ukuhamba, ukukhuluma, ngisho nokucabanga njengabantu. Kuyiphrojekthi eyakhiwe yiBoston Dynamics.
Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi i-Army Humanoid iyisibonelo nje. Izosetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuhlola.
Ubuchopho be-humanoid bucishe bube bukhulu ngo-20% kunobomuntu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ubuchopho be-humanoid bungasebenzisa ukwaziswa okuphindwe izikhathi eziyinkulungwane kunokomuntu.
Ikusasa lama-Humanoids
Ikusasa lama-humanoids liqhakazile kakhulu. Bazodlala indima enkulu emphakathini wethu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi angaphezu kwesigidigidi ama-humanoid azosetshenziswa ngo-2050.
I-Humanoids ikusasa lamarobhothi. Ziyimishini eklanyelwe ukubukeka nokusebenza njengabantu. Ziyakhula kancane kancane futhi ziya ngokuya zithuthuka.
Maduzane, umhlaba uzogcwala ama-humanoid angenza imisebenzi eyahlukene. Azosetshenziswa emafekthri, ezindaweni zokudlela, ezibhedlela ngisho nasezindlini.
Asazi ngisho nemingcele yangempela yamakhono abo. Ngakho-ke ngeke kumangaze uma i-humanoids ithatha imisebenzi eminingi okwamanje eyenziwa abantu.
Abanye abantu bangase baphikise ngokuthi akulungile ukukhetha ama-humanoid kunabantu. Kodwa-ke, ngikholelwa ukuthi imisebenzi ethile ifaneleka kangcono kuma-humanoids.
Izinhlobo ze-Humanoids
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-humanoid:
- I-Soft Robotic Humanoids: Ama-Soft Robotic Humanoids enziwa ngezinto ezithambile. Zivumelana nezimo futhi zihamba kalula. Kulula ukuzinakekela futhi ishibhile ukuzikhiqiza.
- I-Hard Robotic Humanoids: I-Hard Robotic Humanoids yenziwe ngezinto eziqinile. Zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zingamelana nezindawo ezimbi. Abiza kakhulu ukuwakhiqiza nokuwanakekela.
Izibonelo Zamanye Ama-Humanoids
Ngakho
I-Asimo iyirobhothi elinobuntu elakhiwa kwaHonda. Yirobhothi lokuqala le-humanoid ukuzihambela lodwa. I-Asimo yathuthukiswa ngo-1991 futhi yethulwa okokuqala ngo-1997. Isiwine imiklomelo eminingana nge-AI yayo ethuthukisiwe.
Ingakwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esingaba ngu-3 km ngehora. Ingakwazi futhi ukugibela izitebhisi, igxume, futhi igijime. I-Asimo inezinzwa ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 futhi ikwazi ukubona indawo ekuyo futhi isabele kuyo. Iphinde ifakwe imilenze emine esebenza nge-hydraulic. Iyakwazi nokuhamba phezu kwamanzi. Ibhethri ye-lithium-ion inika amandla i-Asimo.
U-Asimo unobuchopho obucishe bube ngama-cubic centimeter angu-4.5. Inobuhlakani bokwenziwa obucishe buphindwe izikhathi ezi-2.5 kobomuntu.
Sophia
Esinye isibonelo serobhothi elinobuntu nguSophia. Kuyirobhothi elinobuntu elakhiwe ngabakwaHanson Robotics. USophia wethulwe ngo-2016.
Unobuhlakani bokwenziwa obulinganiselwa cishe izikhathi ezingama-30 kunobomuntu. I-Sophia yenziwe nge-silicon, i-carbon fiber, nensimbi. Angakwazi ukubona futhi asabele endaweni akuyo. Unekhamera ene-engeli ebanzi, umbhobho, nesithwebuli se-laser.
USophia angakwazi ukuxhumana esebenzisa ukubona ubuso, ukuthinta komzimba, nenkulumo. Angakwazi nokubona indawo akuyo futhi asabele kuyo.
Isifinyezo
Uguquko lwe-AI seluhambe ibanga elide kusukela ezinsukwini zika-Alan Turing. Namuhla, sinamarobhothi e-humanoid acishe angabonakali kubantu.
Uguquko lwe-AI luholele ekuthuthukisweni kwenani lamarobhothi e-humanoid. Amanye ala marobhothi akhiwe ukuze asize abantu ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye zenzelwe izinjongo zempi.
Ama-Humanoid abe yingxenye yempilo yethu. Sebeyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke. Zisetshenziselwa izinhloso ezehlukene futhi seziphenduke isixazululo esiphelele kwezinye zezinkinga zethu.
shiya impendulo