Izenzo ezimbalwa zingenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka kumadivayisi e-Android, futhi zisebenza eningini elikhulu lama-smartphone namathebulethi asebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza yeselula ye-Google.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, emhlabeni wezinsongo ze-inthanethi ezilokhu zikhula njalo kanye nezinkampani zenkundla yezokuxhumana ezilangazelela idatha yabasebenzisi, kunabantu abadinga ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuphepha ukuze bagweme kokubili izinsongo ezisemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni kumuntu womuntu wedijithali.
I-GrapheneOS isistimu yokusebenza (OS) eyenzelwe ukukhanga abathengi abanjalo, ngokugxila ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bobumfihlo nokuphepha.
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala nomthombo ovulekile lwe-GrapheneOS lwadalwa kucatshangelwa ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka.
Yakhelwe kunkundla ye-Android futhi yadalwa abantu abaningi abafanayo abasebenzela i-Google ukudala i-Android.
Amadivayisi ambalwa kuphela, ikakhulukazi ama-smartphones e-Google Pixel kanye ne-Pixel XL, asekela i-GrapheneOS.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizogxila ku-Graphene OS ngokwayo, umlando wayo, izinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi, imanuwali yokufaka, neminye imininingwane ebalulekile.
Ngakho-ke, yini I-Graphene OS?
Android Open Source (I-AOSP), noma i-Android kunguqulo yayo “eyisisekelo” kakhulu, iyisisekelo se-GrapheneOS, isistimu yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekile eyakhiwe ngo-2014.
Iqukethe izici ezihlukahlukene zokuphepha, okuhlanganisa izipele ezibethelwe, ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka okungadingi ukufinyelela ukude, kanye nokukhawulela Wi-Fi kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-Bluetooth ngenkathi i-smartphone ingasetshenziswa, konke okuklanyelwe ukwandisa ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka ngenkathi usofa kudivayisi.
Ukwengeza, ukuze ukhawulele ukufinyelela kudatha yomsebenzisi nolwazi, olufana nokulandelela indawo nomsebenzi, isistimu ayifaki izinsiza ezifana ne-Google Play Isitolo nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziwusizo ze-Google.
Amadivayisi eselula anamandla e-GrapheneOS awasebenzisi Amasevisi e-Google Play ngendlela efanayo nalawo enziwe abanye abakhiqizi, naphezu kokuba nesakhiwo esiqhathaniseka kakhulu.
Umsebenzisi angasebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza alukhethayo ngoba amafayela afakwe ngefomethi ye-APK, ezinye izitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ziyasekelwa, futhi imisebenzi eyisisekelo ye-Android ihlala injalo.
Ku-Android, i-GrapheneOS yenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-Google mahhala. Ngasohlangothini olukhanyayo, ihlinzeka ngolwazi oluhlanzekile ngoba ayinazo isofthiwe yomkhiqizi noma izinsiza zenkampani yenethiwekhi.
Ngolwazi lokuthi ifoni yakho ngeke ivalwe okuqukethwe okungadingekile, uzoba nesethi eyisisekelo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezilayishiwe futhi uzokwazi ukulanda noma yini oyifunayo.
Njengendlela yokusebenza, i-GrapheneOS isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-MIUI ne-One UI. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kusenomehluko obalulekile wobuhle nokulandela umkhondo wabasebenzisi phakathi kwe-Graphene ne-vanilla Android.
Isistimu yokusebenza isebenzisa izindlela zokunciphisa zonke izigaba zobungozi futhi ikwenze kube nzima kakhulu ukuhlasela imithombo edume kakhulu. Isibonelo, indlela ye-sandbox yohlelo lokusebenza iqinisiwe, ehlukanisa imizamo yokugebenga isistimu.
Yasungulwa kanjani futhi kungani i-Graphene OS?
Kusukela maphakathi neshumi leminyaka eledlule, i-GrapheneOS ibikhona. Ngo-2014, igama lesizinda elithi Grapheneos.org labhaliswa. Isithangami sabathuthukisi be-XDA sasihlanganisa okuthunyelwe ngo-2016 simemezela iphrojekthi ye-GrapheneOS.
Nokho, usengafinyelela ku-Wayback Machine ukuze ufinyelele okuthunyelwe kwangempela kwesimemezelo. UDaniel Micay, unjiniyela nomcwaningi onokuhlangenwe nakho okubanzi kwemfihlo nokuphepha kweselula, nguyena ophethe.
Ukwakhiwa kwaqala njengomzamo womuntu ngamunye. I-Android Open Source Project yayiyisisekelo lapho i-GrapheneOS, eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-CopperheadOS, yayithuthukiswa khona (AOSP).
Inhloso yale phrojekthi kwakuwukuhumusha ukusetshenziswa kwe-OpenBSD malloc ku-Android Bionic libc kanye nezibuyekezo ze-PaX kernel kuma-kernel edivayisi afanele.
Ukuyibeka kafushane futhi ngokusobala, yayihlose ukubhekana namaphutha ambalwa abalulekile ku-Android OS ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa njengakuwo wonke amaphrojekthi, isikali nobubanzi kwanda njengoba izixazululo ezintsha, ezidala ezindabeni, ukulungiswa, kanye nezithuthukisi zahlanganiswa.
Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yeGrapheneOS, kube nezinkinga ezimbalwa abazihlukanisa “njengezithelo ezilenga kancane,” noma izinkinga okulula ukuzixazulula. Noma kunjalo, bebengagxilile kakhulu ekudaleni i-OS eyodwa kuphela yeselula eyayibeka phambili ukuphepha nobumfihlo.
Ukwakha okuthile okwakuzama ukusiza umsebenzisi, ngokuphambene nenye indlela, kwakuwumqondo oyinhloko wayo yonke iphrojekthi.
Abathuthukisi ngokungangabazeki baphumelele ngalowo mqondo ngoba i-GrapheneOS isakhululekile futhi izimele eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.
Inkampani yokuthuthukisa i-GrapheneOS ibe nemicimbi eneziyaluyalu ezingeni lokuphatha, kodwa iphrojekthi kanye nesistimu yokusebenza iyonke ayizange ithinteke futhi iqhubeke ikwazi ngokugcwele ukuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwe-Android eyisisekelo.
I-GrapheneOS okwamanje yamukela iminikelo, inonjiniyela abambalwa abanekhono abasebenza ngokugcwele nangesikhashana, kanye nozakwethu abasebenza ndawonye kuphrojekthi. Uma kukhulunywa ngobumfihlo nokuvikeleka, nakanjani ufuna ukuzwa ukuthi abathinteki abatshalizimali noma abanye abantu besithathu.
Izici
Ukuvikela abathengi kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi sengozini yosuku oluyiziro kuyinto ehamba phambili e-GrapheneOS.
Ukuncishiswa kwendawo yokuhlaselwa, noma ukuqedwa kwekhodi ye-OS engadingeki, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi nezici ezingase zibe yingozi, yilokho iGrapheneOS ekubuka njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela kulo mzamo (okuningi kulokhu kamuva).
Ukuguqula Izimvume Zenethiwekhi Nezinzwa yinto ehlinzekwa yi-GrapheneOS engavamile ukutholakala kuma-AOSP ROM.
Ukwengeza, i-OS inezici zokungahleliwe kwe-MAC ekuxhumekeni ngakunye, isici esivimbela imethadatha ebucayi ukuthi ingafakwa kuzithombe-skrini, kanye nemodi ye-LTE kuphela eyehlisa indawo yokuhlasela yomsakazo weselula ngokususa ikhodi endala (2G, 3G) kanye nokusika. ikhodi (5G).
Ukwengeza, uma idivayisi ingaxhunyiwe, i-Wi-Fi ne-Bluetooth kokubili kungalungiselelwa ukuthi kucishwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ngokwenza ukuba sengozini kube nzima ukwakha, i-ROM iphinde ifune ukumisa abahlaseli ekusebenziseni okunephutha.
Ngokusho kwe-GrapheneOS, imizamo ebalulekile inikelwe ekudalweni kwezilimi eziphephile kwinkumbulo nemitapo yolwazi, amathuluzi okuhlaziya amile naguqukayo, nokunye okwengeziwe.
Ukwengeza, i-GrapheneOS inekhamera yangasese, uhlelo lwekhamera olungalandwa ku- Isitolo se-Google Play.
Yakhiwe ithimba le-GrapheneOS (elingasebenzisi ikhodi ye-AOSP) futhi ihlanganisa izindlela eziningi zokudubula ezivamile ngaphezu kwenqwaba yezici zobumfihlo zokuphepha.
Ingase isebenze ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi kanye nezimvume zeMedia/Isitoreji, iskene amakhodi e-QR iyodwa, futhi ikhiphe ngokukhetha imethadatha ye-EXIF ezithombeni nakumavidiyo.
Enye i-vector yokuhlasela evamile ivinjwe ukudalwa kwethimba le-GrapheneOS uhlelo lokusebenza lokufunda i-PDF olunebhokisi lesandbox, oluvikelwe.
Uhlelo lokusebenza loMcwaningimabhuku lwadalelwa ukunikeza ubuqiniso obususelwa kuhadiwe ukuthembeka kwe-firmware nesofthiwe kumadivayisi.
Okokugcina, abathuthukisi be-GrapheneOS bakholelwa ngokuqinile ku-sandboxing emazingeni amaningana, ngokuqiniswa kwe-kernel nezinye izingxenye ze-OS eziyisisekelo.
Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-sandboxing ngaphakathi kwekhodekhi ethile ye-Android, uhlelo, noma iphrofayela yomsebenzisi.
I-GrapheneOS iwebhusayithi lunolwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nalawa makhono, futhi lolu hlu aluhlanganisi konke.
Izinzuzo
- Yakhelwe ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka. Ngenxa yokuthi iphethwe ngasese, i-GrapheneOS ayithintwa amabhizinisi amakhulu noma amanye amathrendi angabeka izintshisekelo zomsebenzisi engcupheni egameni lenzuzo, ukunethezeka, njll. Nakuba i-Google (abathuthukisi bokuqala be-Android) ingeyona embi kakhulu. inkampani ngalowo mqondo, kusenezindawo ezithile ezicashile ngendlela idatha yomsebenzisi ephathwa ngayo kanye neziphazamisi ezilungiswayo.
- Zonke izimvume ezizenzakalelayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zinomkhawulo impela. Noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olulandayo ngeke lukwazi ukufinyelela idatha yakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Azikho izingozi ezengeziwe noma ezingenangqondo.
- Ngokusekelwe ku-AOSP, i-OS ihlelwe ngendlela emangalisayo. Awekho ama-bloatware noma ezinye izici ezingaphandle ezingase zisetshenziswe izigebengu ngokumelene nawe. Izinguqulo ze-Android onazo kwamanye amafoni cishe ziyizikhumba ezigijimayo, okuyizingxenye ezengeziwe zobuhle nezobuchwepheshe ezisebenzisa izinsiza ezengeziwe futhi ezingalungiselelwe kahle kakhulu, ziqeda ibhethri, zinciphisa amaphrosesa, futhi zishiye izinsiza zenkumbulo ezimbalwa ezifinyelelekayo.
- I-OS inikeza ithoni yezici eziklanyelwe ukwandisa ubumfihlo bakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinzwa zokuvala lapho kudingeka khona, amakhamera, imibhobho, namanye amadivayisi. Ngenkathi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zishiya amaphutha izigebengu ezingahlasela, ezinye zisebenzisa lokhu ukuze zithwebule amanani amaningi edatha yomuntu siqu. Lokho kuhambile nge-GrapheneOS.
- Amafoni e-Pixel kuphela anama-CPU ebanga lebhizinisi le-Titan angakwazi ukuwenza. Ngenxa yeqiniso lokuthi yonke idatha yomsebenzisi ibethelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngisho nokuhlasela okuthuthuke kakhulu okufana nokuhlasela okunonya akulona usongo. Amakhompuyutha kuphela namadivayisi eselula anamakhono afanelekile wehadiwe angasebenzisa i-GrapheneOS. Uhlelo lokusebenza lunakekela uhlangothi lwesoftware, kodwa futhi kufanele luxhumane nehadiwe etholakalayo.
Okumbi
- Ama-smartphones e-Google Pixel kuphela angasetshenziswa ukufaka i-GrapheneOS. Njengoba kungeyena wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukuthenga ifoni ye-Pixel, lokhu kuwumkhawulo ngandlela thize. hhayi nje ngenxa yezindleko, kodwa futhi ngenxa yezintandokazi. Abasebenzisi bangase balangazelele kakhulu ukuyizama ukube ibitholakala kuzo zonke izinguqulo ze-Android.
- Ifaka kancane futhi idinga ukusebenza kanzima. I-smartphone ye-Android iza ifakwe kuqala futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa. Okufanele ukwenze ukungena ngemvume futhi uqedele ukusetha okuqondile. Nakuba ukufaka i-GrapheneOS kungathathi isikhathi eside (kuthatha kuphela imizuzu eyi-10), kusadinga ukulungiswa okuthile futhi cishe kuzokwephula iwaranti yakho.
- Izici ezingakhishiwe zifaka phakathi ezinye ezisathuthukiswa okwamanje. Lokhu kufanele kulindelwe ngenkathi usebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlelo olusha, kodwa kusabalulekile ukuqaphela.
- Alikho iqembu elikhulu labathuthukisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kokubili kuyi-pro kanye ne-drawback. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, ithimba likwazi kangcono ukuphendula ngokushesha, livumelane nezimo, futhi linikeze izici ezintsha kanye nokulungiswa kwezinkinga ngokushesha kakhulu kunezinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Google noma i-Samsung. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuphinde kusho ukuthi abanazo izinsiza ezifanayo zokubhekana nezinkinga ezibalulekile noma ukudala izici ezintsha sha eziqhathanisekayo ngesilinganiso. Kodwa iqembu liyakwazi lokhu futhi libeka phambili ukujula nekhwalithi ngaphezu kobuningi. Uhlelo olufeza cishe yonke into kahle kakhulu luwumphumela wokugcina.
Amadivayisi asekelwa i-Graphene OS
Amadivayisi alandelayo asekelwa ngokusemthethweni yi-GrapheneOS ekukhiqizeni:
- I-Pixel 6a (bluejay)
- I-Pixel 6 Pro (igwababa)
- I-Pixel 6 (oriole)
- I-Pixel 5a (i-barbet)
- I-Pixel 5 (redfin)
- I-Pixel 4a (5G) (i-bramble)
- I-Pixel 4a (sunfish)
- I-Pixel 4 XL (amakhorali)
- I-Pixel 4 (ilangabi)
Uma une-smartphone, ingabe kufanele ufake i-GrapheneOS?
Kuye ngokuthi ungubani, yebo. Umakhalekhukhwini ongakwazi ukugadwa kalula ungase ube nentshisekelo kubantu abadinga isistimu evikeleke kakhudlwana, basebenze ngolwazi olubucayi, noma abadalulwe kwezombusazwe (njengabashoshozeli, abenzi bomthetho, noma izintatheli).
Uma befuna, abasebenzisi abanolwazi oluthe xaxa nabahleli bohlelo bangahlola. Nokho, iningi labantu belingeke livumelane naleyo nkulumo.
Ayikho inkampani enkulu esekela i-GrapheneOS, ngaleyo ndlela abathuthukisi bangase bayishiye kalula iphrojekthi, bakushiye nefoni ephelelwe yisikhathi ngisho noma uhlelo selubuyekeziwe isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu.
Uma ungumnikazi wefoni ye-Pixel futhi ungavumelani nokuma kwe-Google kwe-monopolistic, ungase ufune ukuhlola i-GrapheneOS. Isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu sabasebenzisi abavamile ukunamathela kumasistimu amakhulu wokusebenza ngoba mancane amathuba okuba ababangele ikhanda.
Ukufakwa
Kunezinqubo ezimbili zokufaka ezisekelwa i-GrapheneOS. Imanuwali yokufaka yomugqa womyalo ihloselwe abasebenzisi abayinkimbinkimbi, nakuba isifaki esisekelwe ku-WebUSB siphakanyiselwe abantu abaningi.
Bacebisa kakhulu ukusebenzisa enye yezinqubo zokufaka ezigunyaziwe. Izincwadi zokufaka zezinkampani zangaphandle zingaqukatha ulwazi oluphelelwe yisikhathi, iseluleko esibi, nokungalungi.
Sebenzisa le imibhalo esemthethweni uma ufuna indlela yokufaka enemininingwane eyengeziwe.
Isiphetho
Kafushane, noma ubani ofuna ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe nobumfihlo angazama i-Graphene OS.
Futhi kungenye indlela enengqondo yabantu abafuna ifoni ethuthukiswe kangcono futhi enganiki amandla ezobuchwepheshe noma ezinye izinhlangano ukuthi zizuze ekusebenziseni ulwazi lwazo lomuntu siqu.
Futhi abadali be-Graphene OS bacabanga ukuthi amafoni e-Google Pixel yiwo kuphela ama-smartphone e-Android manje anikeza isisekelo esanele sokuvikeleka esingathuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe ngokuqina kwethu nezici, i-Graphene OS isebenza kumafoni we-Pixel.
Igxile kakhulu ekusekeleni i-hardware nezixazululo zesofthiwe, njengokugcinwa kwedatha, ukubethelwa kwedatha, njll.
shiya impendulo