Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
I-ERP, noma ukuhlelwa kwensiza yebhizinisi, yitemu okungenzeka uke wezwa ngaphambili kodwa okungenzeka ungaliqondi ngokugcwele. Lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kuzochaza ukuthi iyini i-ERP nokuthi ingazuzisa kanjani ibhizinisi lakho.
Futhi sizohlinzeka ngezibonelo zezinhlelo ze-ERP ezaziwa kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwazi nge-ERP futhi ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe, qhubeka ufunda!
Yini i-ERP?
I-ERP, noma ukuhlelwa kwensiza yebhizinisi, kuyisixazululo sesoftware esiza amabhizinisi ukuphatha nokwenza imisebenzi yawo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Izinhlelo ze-ERP ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amamojula wokubala, ukuphathwa kwempahla, ukuphathwa kobudlelwane bekhasimende (CRM), kanye nezinsiza zabantu (HR).
Ezinye izixazululo ze-ERP zinikeza amamojula engeziwe e-e-commerce, ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi, nokuhambisana.
Amasistimu e-ERP aklanyelwe ukunikeza umbono ohlangene wedatha nezinqubo zenkampani, futhi amabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi angazisebenzisa. Izixazululo ze-ERP zingatshalwa emagcekeni noma emafini.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-ERP ayilona uhlelo lokusebenza lwesofthiwe olulodwa. Kunalokho, yisigaba sesofthiwe esihlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zinikeze isixazululo esiphelele samabhizinisi.
Imboni ye-ERP ishintsha ngokushesha. Ngo-2018, inani lezixazululo ze-ERP lilinganiselwa ukuthi likhuphuke lifinyelele cishe ku-6,800-ukwanda ngamaphesenti angu-24 kusukela ngo-2017.
Isebenza Kanjani I-ERP?
Amasistimu e-ERP ngokuvamile akhiwa amamojula ngalinye elibhekana nesidingo esithile sebhizinisi. Isibonelo, imojula ye-accounting iphatha idatha yezezimali, futhi imojula ye-CRM ilawula ulwazi lwekhasimende.
Amasistimu akhiwe kusizindalwazi esimaphakathi esiqukethe yonke imininingwane yenkampani. Lokhu kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi abe nombono owodwa, ophelele wemisebenzi yawo.
Amasistimu e-ERP aklanyelwe ukuzenzela kanye nokwenza lula izinqubo zebhizinisi. Isibonelo, uma ikhasimende lifaka i-oda, isistimu ye-ERP ingabuyekeza ngokuzenzakalelayo amarekhodi e-inventory futhi ikhiqize ama-invoyisi.
Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokufakwa kwedatha mathupha, okungasindisa amabhizinisi isikhathi esiningi nemali.
Kungani Kufanele Ufunde I-ERP?
Izinhlelo ze-ERP zisetshenziswa ngamabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Sekushiwo lokho, i-ERP ifaneleka kakhulu izinkampani ezifuna ukwenza lula futhi zenze imisebenzi yazo. I-ERP ingase futhi ibe usizo emabhizinisini akhula ngaphezu kokubalwa kwezimali kwawo kwamanje noma izixazululo ze-CRM.
Uma umusha ku-ERP, kubalulekile ukufunda okuyisisekelo ukuze wenze isinqumo unolwazi mayelana nokuthi lilungile yini ibhizinisi lakho noma cha. Ukwengeza, ngisho noma unquma ukungalusebenzisi uhlelo lwe-ERP, ukuqonda ukuthi i-ERP isebenza kanjani kungakunikeza imininingwane yokuthi ungahambisa kanjani izinqubo zebhizinisi lakho.
Futhi, izinhlelo ze-ERP zihlala zivela, futhi izici ezintsha namamojula kwengezwa njalo. Ngakho-ke uma uthanda umsebenzi webhizinisi noma wezobuchwepheshe, ukufunda i-ERP kuyindlela enhle yokuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngamathrendi akamuva.
Yiziphi Ezinye Izibonelo Zezinhlelo Ze-ERP?
Kunezinhlelo eziningi ezihlukene ze-ERP emakethe, futhi isisombululo esifanele sebhizinisi lakho sizoncika ezidingweni zakho ezithile.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlelo ze-ERP ezaziwa kakhulu zihlanganisa:
1. SAP Business One
SAP ungumnikezeli wesoftware womhlaba wonke onolwazi lweminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 ebhizinisini. Ihlinzeka ngesoftware ye-ERP egxile ekuhlelweni kwezinqubo zebhizinisi.
Ibhizinisi le-SAP Enye ihlanganisa zonke izici zokubalwa kwezimali, i-CRM, ukuphathwa kokusabalalisa, ukuphathwa kwe-oda, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, isevisi, nokuphathwa kwe-supply chain.
I-SAP Business One ingenye yezinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) ngenxa yobukhulu nokusebenza kwayo.
Iwuhlelo olunabasebenzisi abaningi, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi abaningi bangalufinyelela ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Uhlelo lusebenza ku-Windows, Linux, UNIX, AIX, Mac OS X, kanye ne-Solaris.
Ine-interface esebenziseka kalula, okwenza ibe yinhle kubo bobabili abasebenzisi abasaqalayo nabangochwepheshe.
I-SAP Business One inamathuluzi ayo okuthuthukisa, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso uhlelo ngendlela ofuna ngayo. Kuhlanganisa kokubili ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kanye namafu.
Le nkampani iphinde inikeze amamojula ahlukahlukene okungeza asiza izinkampani ukuthi zenze izinkokhelo ezisheshayo futhi zivumele izinkampani ukuthi zenze izintela zazo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isekela izilimi eziningi, okuhlanganisa isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane, iSpanishi, njll.
2. I-Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS)
I-Oracle EBS futhi iphakathi kwamaphakheji e-ERP asetshenziswa kabanzi atholakala emakethe namuhla. Lolu hlelo luklanyelwe amabhizinisi aphakathi kwemakethe abheke ukusebenzisa i-ERP ukuze enze lula futhi enze izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zasemuva zasehhovisi.
I-EBS iza nohlu lwamamojula nemibiko ehlinzeka ngokubonakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile.
Kuyithuluzi elinamandla eliklanyelwe ukusiza amabhizinisi amancane nezinhlangano ezinkulu ukuphatha zonke izici zebhizinisi labo, okuhlanganisa abantu, ezezimali, ukukhiqiza, nokusabalalisa.
3. I-Microsoft Dynamics CRM
IMicrosoft Dynamics CRM iwukuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo eminingana eyahlukene eyakhiwe yazungezana.
Umkhiqizo wokuqala ozothuthukiswa kwaba yi-Microsoft Dynamics AX, ehlanganisa zonke izingxenye ezinkulu ngaphakathi kwe-Dynamics CRM futhi izixhuma ngendlela yokuthi kube lula ukusebenza ngedatha kuyo yonke i-ecosystem.
I-Microsoft Dynamics AX iwuhlelo lwesoftware lokuhlela izisetshenziswa zebhizinisi (ERP) olwenziwe yi-Microsoft Corp. oluhlinzeka izinkampani ngezixazululo zesofthiwe eziklanyelwe ukuzisiza zithuthukise uchungechunge lwazo lokuhlinzeka, ukugcwaliseka kwe-oda, ubudlelwano bamakhasimende, nezinqubo zebhizinisi.
Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa I-ERP
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha
Esinye sezici ezinamandla kakhulu zesistimu ye-ERP ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha. Amabhizinisi asebenzisa isofthiwe ye-ERP ukuze adale futhi aphathe amasethi amaningi edatha mayelana nemikhiqizo yenkampani, amakhasimende, abasebenzi, kanye nezezimali. Lezi zingosi zolwazi zivame ukuqukatha amakhulukhulu amaspredishithi angawodwana namanye amadokhumenti.
Izinkampani zingasebenzisa ithuba lokuhlanganiswa kwedatha ngokuhlanganisa lolu lwazi endaweni eyodwa efinyeleleka kalula. Uma isihlanganisiwe, amabhizinisi angakwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha yonke idatha yawo endaweni eyodwa.
Qinisekisa Ukunemba Kwedatha
Amasistimu e-ERP aphumelela kakhulu aklanyelwe ukuphatha idatha yebhizinisi ebalulekile ngokunembile. Bangakwazi ukwenza izinguquko ngesikhathi sangempela futhi bagcine ulwazi olubuyekeziwe njengoba lwamukelwa.
Izinkampani ngeke zisachitha amahora zifaka idatha mathupha kusipredishithi njalo lapho ulwazi lubuyekezwa. Kunalokho, idatha izobuyekezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kusofthiwe ye-ERP.
Ukuqinisekisa Idatha
Ukuhlolwa kobuqotho bedatha kuzo zonke izici zezinqubo zebhizinisi lakho kubalulekile ukuze ugcine izinga lokungaguquguquki kuyo yonke inhlangano yakho. Uma unombono owodwa webhizinisi lakho, uthola ikhono lokubona okwenzeka kuyo yonke imikhawulo yebhizinisi lakho.
Isibonelo, uma isofthiwe yakho yokubala ingabonisi ibhalansi efanele yama-akhawunti akho asebhange noma amaleveli e-inventory, ungakwazi ukuhlonza inkinga ngokushesha.
Ukwanda Kwezokuphepha
Izinhlelo ze-ERP zinikeza amabhizinisi ngokuvikeleka okwengeziwe, njengoba ebekwe endaweni eyodwa. Yonke idatha igcinwa endaweni eyodwa, ngakho kulula ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni nokuvikela kunokuba idatha isatshalaliswe kumasistimu amaningi.
Uma uhlelo oluyinhloko beluzokonakala noma lube sengozini, zonke ezinye izinhlelo bezingeke zithinteke. Kusho futhi ukuthi kunezingozi ezimbalwa zokulahleka kwedatha ngoba uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yesizindalwazi yonakaliswa noma itshontshiwe, ungavele uyibuyisele kuzipele.
Ngakho, amabhizinisi azokwazi ukugcina yonke idatha yawo ivikelekile endaweni eyodwa, ayenze ivikeleke kakhulu.
Ungaqala Kanjani Nge-ERP Yabaqalayo?
1. Khetha Isixazululo se-ERP Esikulungele
Ngaphambi kokukhetha iphakethe lesoftware, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho lizosisebenzisa kanjani isisombululo. Ngabe uzosebenza njengebhizinisi le-B2C noma i-B2B?
Ingabe ufuna ukuthengisa ngokuqondile kumakhasimende akho noma ukuthengisa ngamashaneli okusabalalisa? Ingabe ibhizinisi lakho lizodinga izicelo zebhizinisi ezigcwele noma isixazululo esiyisisekelo sokubala?
Ingabe ugxile kakhulu ekukhangiseni noma ekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo? Uma usunqume ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokusebenza ezibalulekile enkampanini yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha isixazululo se-ERP esihlangabezana nezidingo zakho.
Khetha uhlelo lwesofthiwe oluthengekayo, olusebenzayo, futhi olulula ukulisebenzisa. Uma usunciphise uhlu lwakho lwaba yizixazululo ezimbili noma ezintathu, khuluma nomhlinzeki wesofthiwe ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nomehluko phakathi kwenketho ngayinye.
2. Thola Ukuqeqeshwa Okudingekayo kokuthi Usetshenziswa Kanjani Uhlelo
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukufunda ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-ERP, uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unokuqonda okuqinile kokusetshenziswa kwesofthiwe okuyisisekelo. Amasistimu e-ERP aklanyelwe ukuqhuba imisebenzi yebhizinisi eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukufunda indlela yokuyizulazula ngaphambi kokuzama noma yikuphi ukuqalisa ukusebenza ngezinga elikhulu.
Izifundo zokuqeqesha ze-ERP zizokufundisa amakhono owadingayo ukuze usebenzise lezi zinhlelo ngendlela efanele.
Izinhlelo eziningi ze-ERP kunzima ukuzisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa. Kungaba nzima kumsebenzisi omusha ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okufanele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isistimu ngeke isetshenziselwe amandla ayo aphelele futhi ngeke ikunikeze izinzuzo okufanele izinikeze. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthatha ukuqeqeshwa okuthi ungalusebenzisa kanjani uhlelo lwakho lwe-ERP ngendlela efanele.
3. Sebenzisana Nomeluleki Ukuqalisa Uhlelo
Ungathola ukuthi abeluleki bezinkampani zangaphandle banolwazi lokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwe-ERP oluzohambisana nezidingo zenkampani yakho. Izixazululo ze-ERP zivame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukusebenzisana nochwepheshe ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola okuningi ohlelweni.
Eqinisweni, ngokocwaningo lwango-2017 olwenziwe yiwebhusayithi ye-Software Advice, inkampani eyodwa kweziyisihlanu ezisebenzisa izixazululo ze-ERP yehluleka ukwenza lokho ngempumelelo.
Okunye kwalokhu kwehluleka kungalandelelwa emuva ekuhleleni kabi, ukuntuleka kokuqeqeshwa, nokuphathwa kwenqubo yokuqaliswa. Ukwengeza, izinkampani ezikhetha ukungasebenzisi izinhlelo ze-ERP zivame ukubhekana nezinkinga eziningi kunamabhizinisi asebenzisa izinhlelo ze-ERP ngendlela efanele.
4. Hamba Bukhoma Ngohlelo
Uma uqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-ERP, kungathatha isikhathi ukuze isofthiwe ivumelane nendlela yebhizinisi lakho yokwenza izinto.
Isistimu yakho ye-ERP ekugcineni izoba nenani lokwenza ngokwezifiso okwenziwe ukuze lilingane nezidingo zenkampani yakho kangcono.
5. Gada futhi Wengeze Isistimu Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
Njengoba izidingo zebhizinisi zishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukugada futhi ulungise ukwakheka kohlelo lwakho lwe-ERP ngokufanele.
Njengoba ububanzi bephrojekthi bukhula, uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende amasha nokuthi isistimu ithuthukisiwe ukuze isize inhlangano yakho ifinyelele imigomo yayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga ukubuyekeza njalo futhi uhlaziye ukusebenza nokusebenza kwesistimu.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-ERP kungaba umsebenzi omkhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo lwakho bese ukhetha isixazululo esilungele ibhizinisi lakho.
Amasistimu e-ERP ayinkimbinkimbi, futhi kuningi ongakufunda ngawo. Nokho, sithemba ukuthi lokhu okuthunyelwe kubhulogi kukunikeze ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi iyini i-ERP nokuthi ingazuzisa kanjani ibhizinisi lakho.
shiya impendulo