Ukwanda okusheshayo kwamadivayisi e-IoT, kanye nokwanda komthamo wawo wokubala, kubangele amanani amakhulu edatha. Futhi njengoba amanethiwekhi e-5G andisa inani lamadivayisi eselula axhunyiwe, amavolumu wedatha azoqhubeka nokukhuphuka.
Isithembiso samafu ne-AI esikhathini esedlule sasiwukuthi bazozenzakalela futhi basheshise ukuqanjwa kabusha ngokuveza ukuqonda okusebenzayo okuvela kudatha.
Kodwa-ke, amandla enethiwekhi nengqalasizinda adlulwe inani elimangalisayo nobunkimbinkimbi be idatha enikeziwe ngamadivayisi axhunyiwe. Ubunzima bomkhawulokudonsa nokubambezeleka bukhula lapho yonke idatha yedivayisi idluliselwa kusikhungo sedatha esimaphakathi noma efwini.
I-Edge computing isebenza kahle kakhulu njengoba idatha icutshungulwa futhi ihlaziywe eduze nendawo yemvelaphi. Ukubambezeleka kwehle kakhulu njengoba idatha ithuthwa ngenethiwekhi iye kumafu noma isikhungo sedatha ukuze sicutshungulwe.
Lokhu okuthunyelwe kuzochaza ukuthi i-Edge computing isebenza kanjani, kungani ibalulekile, futhi inikeze izimo ezihlukahlukene ze-Edge computing ngezinzuzo nobubi.
Iyini i-Edge computing?
I-Edge computing iyinkundla yekhompyutha esabalalisiwe ebeka izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani eduze nemithombo yedatha efana namadivayisi we-IoT noma amaseva onqenqema wendawo. Lokhu kusondela kwedatha emthonjeni wayo kunganikeza izinzuzo zebhizinisi ezibalulekile njengemininingwane esheshayo, izikhathi zokusabela ngokushesha, kanye nokukhuphuka kokutholakala komkhawulokudonsa.
Eziyisisekelo, i-Edge computing iletha ukucubungula nokugcinwa kwedatha eduze namadivayisi aqoqa idatha, kunokuthembela endaweni emaphakathi engase iqhele ngezinkulungwane zamamayela.
Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha, ikakhulukazi idatha yesikhathi sangempela, ayikho ngaphansi kwezinkinga zokubambezeleka ezingase ziphazamise ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwenza ukucubungula endaweni, amabhizinisi angonga imali ngokunciphisa inani ledatha okufanele ithunyelwe endaweni emaphakathi noma esekelwe emafini.
Cabangela amadivayisi aqapha okokusebenza kwezimboni esitezi sefekthri noma ikhamera yevidiyo exhumeke ku-inthanethi leyo isakaza ividiyo ebukhoma kusuka ehhovisi elikude. Ngenkathi idivayisi eyodwa ekhiqiza idatha ingahambisa kalula idatha kunethiwekhi yonkana, izinkinga ziyavela lapho inani lamadivayisi adlulisela idatha ngesikhathi esifanayo likhula.
Phindaphinda ikhamera yevidiyo ebukhoma ngamakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamayunithi. Ngeke nje kuphela ukuthi ukubambezeleka kwehlise ikhwalithi, kodwa izindleko zomkhawulokudonsa zingase zibe phezulu ngendlela engafanele.
Iningi lalawa masistimu liyazuza ku-hardware yekhompuyutha namasevisi, ahlinzeka ngomthombo wendawo wokucubungula nokugcina. Isibonelo, isango elisemaphethelweni lingacubungula idatha kusuka kudivayisi esemaphethelweni bese lidlulisela kuphela idatha efanele emuva emafini. Esimeni sohlelo lokusebenza lwesikhathi sangempela, lungaphinda lubuyisele idatha kudivayisi yonqenqema.
Isebenza kanjani i-Edge computing?
Isakhiwo esibonakalayo sonqenqema siyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa umqondo oyinhloko ukuthi amadivayisi weklayenti axhuma kumojula yonqenqema eseduze ukuze acutshungulwe ngokushesha kanye nokusebenza okushelelayo. Izinzwa ze-IoT, ikhompuyutha yesisebenzi, i-smartphone yabo yakamuva, amakhamera okuvikela, noma ngisho nohhavini we-microwave oxhumeke ku-inthanethi wegumbi lokusebenzela kuyizibonelo zamadivayisi asemaphethelweni.
Irobhothi leselula elizimelayo, njengengalo yerobhothi embonini yezimoto, lingasetshenziswa njengedivayisi esemaphethelweni kungqikithi yemboni. Kungaba ubuchwepheshe bokuhlinza obusezingeni eliphezulu obuvumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi bahlinze ezindaweni ezikude ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yekhompuyutha enqenqemeni, amasango asemaphethelweni abhekwa njengamadivayisi asemaphethelweni.
Amamojula angabizwa kahle ngokuthi amaseva asemaphethelweni noma amasango asemaphethelweni, kuye ngamagama asetshenziswayo. Nakuba abahlinzeki besevisi bazofaka amasango amaningi asemaphethelweni noma amaseva ukuze anike amandla inethiwekhi esemaphethelweni (i-Verizon, isibonelo, kunethiwekhi yayo ye-5G), izinhlangano ezihlose ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi yonqenqema oluyimfihlo nazo kuzodingeka zicabangele leli giya.
Ekucushweni okuvamile, idatha iyakhiwa ku-PC yomsebenzisi nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lweklayenti. Ibe idluliselwa kuseva ngeziteshi ezifana ne-inthanethi, i-intranethi, i-LAN, nokunye, lapho idatha igcinwa futhi icutshungulwe. Lena kuseyindlela ezanyiwe neyiqiniso yekhompuyutha yeseva yeklayenti.
Umqondo we-edge computing ulula: esikhundleni sokuhambisa idatha eduze nesikhungo sedatha, isikhungo sedatha sithuthwa eduze kwedatha. Izinsiza zokugcina nokucubungula zesikhungo sedatha zitholakala eduze komthombo wedatha ngangokunokwenzeka (okungcono endaweni efanayo).
Kungani i-Edge computing ibalulekile?
Iningi lekhompuyutha lanamuhla lenzeka ekugcineni, ezindaweni ezifana nezibhedlela, izimboni, nezitolo zezitolo, kucutshungulwa idatha ebucayi kakhulu futhi kunikwe amandla amadivayisi abalulekile okumele asebenze ngokungaguquki nangokuphepha.
Lezi zindawo zidinga izixazululo zokubambezeleka okuphansi ezingadingi uxhumano lwenethiwekhi. Amandla ka-Edge okuphazamisa inkampani kuyo yonke imikhakha nomsebenzi, kusukela ekuzibandakanyeni kwamakhasimende nasekukhangiseni kuya ekukhiqizeni nasekusebenzeni ngemuva kwehhovisi, yikho okwenza kuthakazelise kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, i-edge inika amandla izinqubo zebhizinisi ezisebenzayo nezivumelana nezimo, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sangempela, okuholela ekuhlangenwe nakho okusha nokuthuthukisiwe komsebenzisi.
Amabhizinisi angasebenzisa i-Edge ukuletha umhlaba wedijithali emhlabeni wangempela. Ukwenza ngcono ukuzizwisa okuthengiswayo ngokuletha idatha yewebhu kanye nezibalo ezindaweni ezibonakalayo. Ukudala izindlela lapho abasebenzi bengaqeqeshwa khona kanye nezimo lapho amarobhothi angafundisa khona abasebenzi.
Ukudala izilungiselelo ezihlakaniphile ezibeka phambili ukuphepha nokunethezeka kwethu. I-Edge computing, eyenza amabhizinisi akwazi ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamazinga aphakeme kakhulu okwethembeka, isikhathi sangempela, kanye nezidingo zedatha ngokushesha esizeni, iyafana nazo zonke lezi zimo. Okokugcina, lokhu kwenza amabhizinisi akwazi ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngokushesha okukhulu, ethule izimpahla namasevisi amasha ngokushesha kakhudlwana, futhi akhe imithombo emisha yemali engenayo.
I-Edge computing ne-AI/ML
Ngokugcizelela kwayo ekuqoqweni kwedatha nasekucutshungulweni kwesikhathi sangempela, ukusebenzisa i-edge computing kungasiza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlakaniphile ezidinga idatha ukuba ziphumelele. Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa/ukufunda ngomshini (AI/ML), njengama-algorithms okubona isithombe, kungenziwa ngempumelelo eduze komthombo wedatha, kuqedwe isidingo sokuthutha idatha eningi iye esikhungweni sedatha esimaphakathi.
Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zihlanganisa inombolo enkulu yamaphoyinti edatha ukuze zithole ulwazi lwenani eliphezulu olungasiza amabhizinisi ekwenzeni izinqumo ezingcono. Lesi sici singasiza ekusebenzelaneni okuhlukahlukene kwenkampani, okuhlanganisa isevisi yamakhasimende, ukunakekelwa okuvimbelayo, ukuvikela ukukhwabanisa, ukwenza izinqumo zomtholampilo, nokuningi.
Izinhlangano zingasebenzisa ukuphathwa kwezinqumo kanye nezindlela zokucabanga ze-AI/ML ukuze zihlunge, zihlaziye, zifaneleke, futhi zihlanganise amaphuzu edatha ukuze zithole ulwazi olusezingeni eliphezulu ngokucabangela iphoyinti ledatha ngalinye njengomcimbi.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga idatha zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba, ngasinye senziwa endaweni ehlukile endaweni ye-IT. Uma idatha iqoqwa, icutshungulwa ngaphambili, futhi idluliswa, ubuchwepheshe obusemaphethelweni buqala ukusebenza.
Idatha ibe isilondolozwa, iguqulelwe, futhi isetshenziselwe ukuqeqeshwa kwemodeli yokufunda komshini ngemva kokudlula ezigabeni zobunjiniyela nezibalo, ezivame ukwenziwa endaweni yamafu yomphakathi noma yangasese. Bese ibuyiselwa onqenqemeni lwesinyathelo senkomba yesikhathi sokusebenza, esisebenzela futhi siqaphe i ukufunda imishini amamodeli.
Ukuze uhlangabezane nalezi zinhloso eziningi futhi unikeze ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zigaba ezihlukene, ingqalasizinda eguquguqukayo, eguquguqukayo, nenwebekayo kanye nenkundla yokuthuthukisa isicelo iyadingeka.
Ukuvumelana nezimo ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngokufanelekile ukuthwebula idatha kanye nemithwalo yokusebenza eqondiwe ehlakaniphile emaphethelweni emvelo, ukucutshungulwa kwedatha okugxilile nomthwalo wokuqeqeshwa kuwo wonke izindawo zamafu, kanye nemicimbi yebhizinisi nezinhlelo zokulawula ukuqonda eduze kwabasebenzisi bebhizinisi kunikezwa ifu elixubile. indlela, ehlinzeka ngolwazi olungaguquguquki kumafu omphakathi nawangasese.
I-Edge computing iyingxenye ebalulekile yomqondo wamafu oyingxubevange, ohlose ukuhlinzeka ngohlelo olungaguquki kanye nesipiliyoni sokusebenza.
I-Edge Computing Sebenzisa amacala
I-Edge computing isetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe obuningi esibusebenzisela ukuzijabulisa nebhizinisi namuhla, kusukela ezinhlelweni zokulethwa kokuqukethwe kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile ukuya kwezemidlalo, i-5G, nokugcinwa kokuqagela. Ukusakaza-bukhoma amasevisi omculo namavidiyo, isibonelo, kuvame ukufihla idatha ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka futhi kunikeze ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe kwenethiwekhi ekuphenduleni izidingo zethrafikhi yomsebenzisi.
I-Edge computing ivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bahlole ngokucophelela ukusebenza kwabo. I-Edge computing ivumela amabhizinisi ukuthi aqaphe ngokucophelela amathuluzi nemigqa yokukhiqiza ukuze asebenze kahle futhi, ezimweni ezithile, abikezele amaphutha ngaphambi kokuba enze, anciphise izindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula.
I-Edge computing nayo iyasetshenziswa ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ukuze kunakekelwe kangcono iziguli, inikeze odokotela ukuqonda okwengeziwe kwesikhathi sangempela ngempilo yabo ngaphandle kokuthi bathumele idatha yabo kusizindalwazi somuntu wesithathu ukuze sicutshungulwe. Izinkampani zikawoyela negesi zingabheka izimpahla zazo futhi zivikele ubunzima obubizayo kwezinye izindawo.
Ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha be-Edge bubuye busetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwamakhaya ahlakaniphile. Amagajethi engeziwe, ikakhulukazi abasizi bezwi, badinga ukuxhuma futhi bahlaziye idatha kunethiwekhi evalekile. I-Amazon Alexa kanye ne-Google Assistant kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuthola izimpendulo zabathengi uma bengakwazi ukufinyelela amandla ekhompiyutha ahlukaniselwe.
Esinye isibonelo esijwayelekile se-edge computing izimoto ezixhunyiwe. Amakhompyutha afakwa emabhasini nasezitimeleni ukuze kulandelelwe ukunyakaza kwabagibeli kanye nokulethwa kwezinsiza. Ngobuchwepheshe obusemotweni yabo, abashayeli bokuthutha banganquma imizila esebenza kahle kakhulu. Lapho kusetshenziswa isu lekhompuyutha enqenqemeni, imoto ngayinye igijima endaweni efanayo emisiwe njengenye yemikhumbi, ithuthukisa ukwethembeka kwesevisi futhi iqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha kuyo yonke ibhodi.
Esinye isibonelo sekhompuyutha esemaphethelweni izimoto ezizimele, eziphatha idatha yesikhathi sangempela eningi endaweni lapho ukuxhumana kungase kuphazamiseke. Izimoto ezizimele, njengezimoto ezizishayelayo, hlaziya idatha yenzwa esemotweni ukuze wehlise ukubambezeleka ngenxa yobuningi bedatha. Bangakwazi, nokho, ukuxhuma endaweni emaphakathi yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe emoyeni.
I-Edge computing nayo inikela ekuqhubekeni kokutholakala kwezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ezidumile. Amanethiwekhi okulethwa kokuqukethwe (ama-CDN) abeka amaseva edatha eduze nezindawo zamakhasimende, okuvumela amawebhusayithi amatasa ukuthi alayishe ngokushesha futhi anike amandla amasevisi okusakaza ividiyo ngokushesha.
Izinzuzo
- I-Edge computing ingaholela ezinsizeni ezishibhile, ezisheshayo, nezinokwethenjelwa. I-Edge computing ihlinzeka ngesipiliyoni esisheshayo, esingaguquguquki kubathengi. I-Edge isho ukubambezeleka okuphansi, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakala kakhulu ezinokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwezinkampani nabahlinzeki besevisi.
- I-Edge computing ingasindisa izindleko zenethiwekhi, igweme imikhawulo yomkhawulokudonsa, ifinyeze izikhathi zokudlulisela, isuse ukwehluleka kwesevisi, futhi ikunikeze ukulawula okwengeziwe kokudluliswa kwedatha okubucayi. Izikhathi zokulayisha zincishisiwe, futhi izinsiza ze-inthanethi zilethwa eduze nabasebenzisi, okuvumela kokubili ukugcinwa kwesikhashana okuguquguqukayo nokumile.
- Ukwenza ikhompuyutha onqenqemeni kuzuzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizuza esikhathini sokusabela esisheshayo, njengento engekho ngokoqobo nengokoqobo.
- Amandla okwenza kusayithi ukuhlaziya idatha enkulu kanye nokuhlanganisa, okuvumela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo ngesikhathi sangempela, kungenye inzuzo ye-edge computing. Ngokugcina wonke lawo mandla okucubungula esendaweni, ukwenza ikhompuyutha enqenqemeni kunciphisa kakhulu ithuba lokudalulwa kwedatha ebucayi, okuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi aphoqelele izindinganiso zokuphepha futhi athobelane nemithetho yokulawula.
- Ukuthembeka nokonga kwezindleko okuhlotshaniswa namakhasimende ebhizinisi elizuzisa ngekhompyutha. Amasayithi esifunda angaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwesayithi eliwumongo ngokugcina amandla okucubungula esendaweni, noma ngabe isayithi eliwumgogodla liyehla nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ngokugcina umthamo wokucubungula ikhompuyutha useduze nomthombo wawo, izindleko zokukhokhela umkhawulokudonsa ukuthutha idatha phakathi kwezingosi eziwumgogodla nezesifunda zehliswa kakhulu.
- Inkundla esemaphethelweni ingasiza ngemisebenzi kanye nokufana kokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza. Ngokuphambene nesikhungo sedatha, kufanele sinikeze ukusebenzisana ukuze sihlinzekele ukuhlukahluka okubanzi kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nezindawo zesofthiwe. Ku-ecosystem evulekile, indlela enhle yonqenqema iphinde ivumele imikhiqizo evela kubahlinzeki abaningi ukuthi isebenze ndawonye.
nemiphumela ethile engathandeki
- I-Edge computing inweba indawo yonke yokuhlasela yenethiwekhi. Ama-Cyberattack angasebenzisa amadivaysi asemaphethelweni njengendawo yokungena, okuvumela umhlaseli ukuthi ajove isofthiwe eyingozi futhi athelele inethiwekhi.
- Ngeshwa, ukwakha ukuvikeleka okusebenzayo kumongo osabalalisiwe kuyinselele. Iningi lokucutshungulwa kwedatha kwenzeka ngaphandle komugqa oqondile wokubonwa kwethimba lezokuphepha neseva emaphakathi. Lapho inkampani yengeza ucezu olusha lwemishini, indawo yokuhlasela nayo iyakhula.
- Izindleko ze-edge computing enye inkinga enkulu. Ukusetha ingqalasizinda kuyabiza futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle uma inkampani isebenza nozakwethu wasendaweni. Izindleko zokunakekela zivame ukumba eqolo njengoba ithimba kufanele ligcine amadivaysi amaningi esebenza kahle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
Izinselele
- Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwelula amaseva asemaphethelweni kumasayithi amaningi amancane kunokwengeza umthamo ofanayo esikhungweni sedatha esiwumongo owodwa. Amasayithi aphathekayo anomsebenzi omningi, okungaba inselele kumabhizinisi amancane ukuphatha.
- Ukufakwa kwekhompyutha ye-Edge ngokuvamile kutholakala ezindaweni ezikude kunolwazi oluncane noma olungenalo nhlobo lobuchwepheshe esandleni. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle esizeni, uzodinga ingqalasizinda engalungiswa ngokushesha ngabasebenzi basendaweni okungezona ezobuchwepheshe bese ilawulwa yiqembu elincane lochwepheshe.
- Ukuze kube lula ukuphatha futhi unike amandla ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha, izinqubo zokuphatha isayithi kufanele ziphindaphindeke kakhulu kuwo wonke amasayithi ekhompyutha onqenqemeni. Uma isofthiwe isetshenziswa ngendlela ehlukile endaweni ngayinye, kuba nezinkinga.
- Izindawo zomphetho ngokuvamile azivikeleki kancane kunamasayithi abalulekile ngokokuphepha ngokomzimba. Indlela ewumphetho kufanele ichaze ukuthi kungenzeka kube nezigameko ezimbi noma ezingahlosiwe.
Isiphetho
Uma kubhekwa ukuthi i-inthanethi Yezinto kanye ne-edge computing kuseyizinsana, amandla azo aphelele asekude kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, basheshisa ushintsho lwedijithali ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, kanye nokushintsha impilo yansuku zonke yabantu emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngo-2025, ochwepheshe balindele ukuthi u-75% wokucubungula idatha uzokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesikhungo sedatha esijwayelekile noma ifu. Thola isiqalo esiphambili nge-edge computing ukuze uthole amathuba amasha ebhizinisi, uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle, futhi unikeze ulwazi lwabathengi olungaguquki.
shiya impendulo