Uvamise ukuzwa izinkomba zokuthi "cloud computing." Futhi ochwepheshe bayayisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuqaphela umqondo oyisisekelo. Ngakho-ke, ukukubeka kucace, ukugcinwa, ukufinyelela, kanye nokuphathwa kwenani elikhulu ledatha kanye nezinhlelo zesoftware ku-inthanethi.
Yonke idatha kulobu buchwepheshe ivikelwe amanethiwekhi okuvikela umlilo. Uhlelo lokusebenza lungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-hard disk kukhompyutha yakho ngoba idatha nezinhlelo zokusebenza zifakwe ezikhungweni zedatha emhlabeni jikelele.
Abantu abaningi basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-cloud computing njalo. Isibonelo esijwayelekile sobuchwepheshe bamafu sisebenzisa iwebhu amasevisi we-imeyili noma ukudala noma yiluphi uhlobo lwedokhumenti ku-inthanethi.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu ze-cloud computing emkhakheni we-IT, okuhlanganisa ingqalasizinda njengesevisi (IaaS), inkundla njengesevisi (PaaS), kanye nesofthiwe njengesevisi (SaaS).
Lobu buchwepheshe obuningi bekhompiyutha yamafu bonke busetshenziselwa izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi ikhiqiza imiphumela emangalisayo ngokushesha, ubuchwepheshe befu buwusizo ngendlela emangalisayo ekuthuthukisweni kwebhizinisi. Nokho, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwempumelelo yenkampani nokwehluleka.
Ubuchwepheshe obufanele bungaqhubezela inkampani yakho ezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa amaphutha ambalwa angaholela enhlekeleleni. Bonke ubuchwepheshe buphethe izinzuzo ezithile kanye nokubi.
Ngokufanayo, nakuba ingamandla ayinhloko ezimboni zezinkampani ezihlukahlukene, inesethi yayo yezinselelo. Kungase kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizobhekisisa izinselelo/ubungozi bekhompuyutha yamafu nokuthi ungazinciphisa kanjani noma uzigweme kanjani.
Yini i-Cloud computing?
I-Cloud computing ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa inethiwekhi yamasevisi ahlukene akude ukunikeza isofthiwe nezinsiza zehadiwe nge-inthanethi. Abasebenzisi bangathuthukisa noma banwebe ingqalasizinda yabo ekhona ngenxa yokugcinwa kwedatha yamaseva, ukuphatha, namandla okucubungula.
Inikeza ukufinyelela lapho kudingeka khona kuzinsiza ezifana namandla okucubungula nokugcinwa kwedatha ngaphandle kokudinga abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise noma banakekele amasistimu. Izinkampani eziningi zesevisi yamafu, njenge-AWS, Azure, Ifu le-Google Inkundla, njll., inikeza ngamasevisi wamafu.
Lezi zinkampani zivame ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo kubathengi zisebenzisa indlela yokukhokhela njengoba uhamba, zisebenzisa amaseva emhlabeni wonke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ezaziwa ngokuthi izikhungo zedatha.
Ukwengeza, i-cloud computing inikeza ukuguquguquka, ukugcinwa kwedatha okukhulu, ukuvumelanisa kwabasebenzi okuthuthukisiwe, nokuphepha kwedatha. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kukhule, izinhlangano manje ziyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile.
Naphezu kokubukeka ukuthi utshani abubonakali buluhlaza ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngisho noma i-cloud computing inikeza izinzuzo eziningi zamabhizinisi, njengokunwebeka, ukuguquguquka, ukuphumelela kwezindleko, nokunye, kusenezinkinga ezithile nobungozi obuhilelekile.
Izinselele/Izingozi ze-Cloud Computing nokuthi ungazinqanda kanjani
1. Ubumfihlo Nokuvikeleka Kwedatha
Ukuvikeleka kwedatha nobumfihlo yizinkinga eziyinhloko nge-cloud computing. Izingozi zinkulu kunangaphambili njengoba amabhizinisi emhlabeni wonke esebenzisa ifu, okushiya ingcebo yabathengi nedatha yezohwebo engcupheni yokugxambukela.
Ukulahleka kwedatha noma ukuvuza kucashunwe njengenkinga enkulu ngekhompyutha yamafu ngamaphesenti angama-64 ababambiqhaza bokuvota ngo-2021, ngokuka Statista. Ubumfihlo bedatha bubekwe njengodaba lwesibili oluyinselele ngabangu-62% abaphendulile. Abasebenzisi bekhompuyutha yamafu abakwazi ukubona lapho idatha yabo icutshungulwa noma igcinwa khona, okuyinkinga.
Ukwengeza, izingozi ezihlanganisa ukuthathwa kwe-akhawunti, ukuntshontshwa kwedatha, ukuvuza, ukwephulwa komthetho, amaphasiwedi antshontshiwe, ama-API antshontshiwe, nezinye izinkinga zingenzeka uma zingaphathwa kahle ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwamafu noma ukufakwa.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuyimisa noma ukuyinciphisa
Thola ukuthi ingabe umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi yefu ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kobunikazi bokuqinisekisa, ukuphatha, nemikhawulo yokufinyelela ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwedatha yakho. Thola kubo ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinsongo abahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kuzo.
Ingabe banamathuluzi adingekayo nolwazi lokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase ziphakame? Khetha umhlinzeki wesevisi yefu uma izimpendulo zakho kule mibuzo zifanelekile.
2. Ukufuduka
Ukuthuthela emafini kusho ukuthutha idatha yakho, amasevisi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, amasistimu, nezinye izimpahla zisuka endaweni (amaseva noma ama-PC). Ngale nqubo, imisebenzi yekhompuyutha manje ingenziwa engqalasizinda yefu esikhundleni semishini yasendaweni.
Ukuhambisa wonke amasistimu wenhlangano amadala noma amafa kungaba nzima kumabhizinisi afisa ukusebenzisa i-cloud computing. Abazi ukuthi bangasebenza kanjani nabahlinzeki bamafu abanolwazi asebeneminyaka eminingi besebenza, futhi inqubo ephelele ingathatha isikhathi esiningi nezinsiza.
Ngokufanayo nalokhu, kufanele baqale futhi lapho befisa ukushintsha umhlinzeki wefu oyedwa baye komunye, futhi abaqiniseki ukuthi umhlinzeki omusha uzobasiza kanjani.
Babhekana nezinkinga ezihlanganisa ukuxazulula izinkinga isikhathi eside, isivinini, ukuphepha, ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo, inkimbinkimbi, izindleko, nokuningi.
Konke lokhu kudala izinkinga kuwo womabili amabhizinisi nakubasebenzisi bawo. Ekugcineni, lokhu kungase kubangele ulwazi olubi lomsebenzisi, olungase lube nemiphumela ehlukahlukene ezinkampanini.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuyimisa noma ukuyinciphisa
Hlaziya izidingo zakho zamafu, ukuma kokuvikeleka, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izindawo ezingase zithintwe ukuthuthela emafini ngaphambi kokukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi yefu.
Ukwenza lokhu, ungahlola abahlinzeki besevisi yefu abambalwa ukuze ubone ukuthi yimuphi ongakunikeza isevisi enhle kakhulu futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lakho kuhamba kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.
3. Ama-API angavikelekile
Usebenzisa izixhumi ezibonakalayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ungathuthukisa izilawuli ezingcono zamasistimu akho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngenxa yama-API kungqalasizinda yamafu. Ukuze abasebenzi nabasebenzisi basebenzise amasistimu, afakwa ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeselula noma atholakala ku-inthanethi.
Nokho, uma ama-API angaphandle owasebenzisayo engaphephile, ungase ubhekane nezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphepha. Lezi zinkinga zingasebenza njengesango lezigebengu ze-inthanethi ukuze zifinyelele ulwazi lwakho oluyimfihlo, ziphazamise amasevisi, futhi zidale ezinye izinkinga.
Ama-API angavikelekile angaphumela ekuqinisekiseni ubuqiniso okuyiphutha, ukungalungiselelwa kahle kwezokuvikela, ukugunyazwa okungasebenzi kahle kwezinga lomsebenzi, ukuchayeka kwedatha, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza okungafanele kanye nempahla.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuyimisa noma ukuyinciphisa
Ukuze ugweme le nkinga, kufanele wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi onjiniyela bakho bakha ama-API anokulawula ukufinyelela okuqinile, ukubethela, nezindlela zokuqinisekisa.
Izokunikeza ukufinyelela ku-API eqinile, ethembekile, nevikelekile izigebengu ezizokuthola kunzima ukuyisebenzisa. Ukwengeza, ungenza ukuhlolwa kokungena ukuze uhlonze ubungozi futhi ubhekane nakho ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele noma yiziphi izinkinga.
Ukwengeza, ungasebenzisa omazisi bedijithali, i-biometrics, amagama ayimfihlo esikhathi esisodwa, namanye amasu athembekile obunikazi kanye nokufinyelela ukuze usebenzise ukubethela kwe-TLS/SSL ukuze kudluliselwe idatha futhi wenze ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi.
Ngakho-ke, izingozi nobunzima ongahlangabezana nazo lapho usebenzisa i-cloud computing zibalwe ngenhla. Nokho, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, akhona amasu okugwema noma ukunciphisa izinkinga ezinjalo.
4. Izilawuli Zokufinyelela Ezingasebenzi kanye Nokuphatha
Ebhizinisini, izilawuli nokuphathwa kokufinyelela kwamafu okungalungile noma okunganele kungaholela ezingozini eziningi. Izigebengu ze-Cyber ziyasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ukwenza ukwephulwa kwedatha, ukweba amagama ayimfihlo, nobunye ubugebengu.
Uma benezisebenzi ezinkulu noma ezihlakazekile, bangathola izinkinga zokuphatha ukufinyelela. Izinhlangano zingase zibe nokukhathala kwephasiwedi nezinye izinkinga, njengama-akhawunti amaningi omlawuli, amagama ayimfihlo abuthakathaka, abasebenzisi abangasebenzi abanezinkontileka zesikhathi eside, imininingwane evikelwe ngokunganele, namaphasiwedi angaphathwanga kahle, izitifiketi, nokhiye, ukusho okumbalwa.
Izinhlangano zingase zichayeke ekuhlaselweni ngenxa yokulawulwa kokufinyelela okwanele nokuphathwa. Ukwengeza, ulwazi lwamakhasimende abo kanye nenkampani lungenziwa esidlangalaleni. Ekugcineni, kungalimaza idumela lomuntu futhi kwenezele ezindlekweni ezingafunwa.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuyimisa noma ukuyinciphisa
Ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga ezinjalo, izinhlangano kufanele zibe nokwanele ukulawula idatha kanye nokuphathwa kwama-akhawunti abo omsebenzisi. Ukuze ulawule ukuthi ubani onokufinyelela kumasistimu, wonke lawo ma-akhawunti kufanele axhunywe ngokuvikelekile kubhodi eyodwa elawulayo.
Kukhona abahlinzeki abambalwa bobunikazi nokufinyelela abangakusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi abasebenzi abagunyaziwe kuphela abakwazi ukufinyelela inethiwekhi yakho, amasevisi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukuze uhlole bonke abasebenzisi, amaqembu, nezindima, ungasebenzisa isixazululo esivela eceleni noma somdabu wamafu. Izixazululo ze-IAM zingase zidalule ukuthi ubani onokufinyelela ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi nezisetshenziswa.
Izokusiza futhi ekutholeni umsebenzi osolisayo futhi uthathe isinyathelo esisheshayo ukuze uzivikele.
5. Ukulawula Okuncishisiwe Nokubonakala
Inzuzo yokusebenzisa ngamafu ukuthi ungase ugweme ukuphatha amaseva nezinye izinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze unakekele amasistimu.
Kodwa-ke, abasebenzisi bagcina benolawulo oluncane kanye nokubonakala kwesofthiwe yabo, amasistimu, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nezimpahla zekhompyutha naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi konga isikhathi, imali, nomzamo. Ngoba abakwazi ukufinyelela idatha namathuluzi okuvikela kuplathifomu yamafu, amabhizinisi akuthola kunzima ukuhlola ukuthi izixazululo zokuphepha zisebenza kangakanani.
Ukwengeza, abakwazi ukusungula impendulo yesigameko ngenxa yokuntuleka kokulawula okugcwele izinsiza zabo ezisekelwe emafini. Ukwengeza, amafemu awakwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele abasebenzisi bazo, idatha, namasevisi ukuze abone amathrendi angajwayelekile angabonisa ukwephulwa komthetho.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuyimisa noma ukuyinciphisa
Amabhizinisi kufanele anqume ukuthi iyiphi idatha angafinyelela kuyo, ayilandelela kanjani, nokuthi yikuphi ukuphepha nezilawuli ezisetshenziswa umhlinzeki wamafu ukuze aqaphe izingozi nokuphulwa kwedatha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ifu.
Ungakwazi ukunquma ukuthi kungakanani ukubonakala nokulawula abazokunikeza kulokhu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olujulile lwedatha yakho, izinhlelo zokusebenza, abasebenzisi, namasevisi, ungenza nokuqapha okuqhubekayo nokuhlaziya okungajwayelekile. Ngalesi sizathu, imakethe inenani labahlinzeki besevisi.
Isiphetho
Okokugcina, singaphetha ngokuthi ukusebenzisa i-cloud computing kuyisisekelo esihle kakhulu sokuthi izinkampani zithuthuke futhi ziphumelele. Ngisho noma kufanele uthathe eyodwa, kufanele futhi usebenzise ukuqapha.
Qiniseka ukuthi isevisi oyiqashayo inohlelo oluhle olukhona lokunciphisa ubungozi nokuba sengozini. Futhi, qaphela imithethonqubo yokuthobela ababambelela kuyo.
Eqinisweni, kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa ze-cloud computing, futhi izinto zibonakala zithembisa esikhathini esizayo. Kumabhizinisi, kuza nezingozi eziningi nobunzima.
Njengoba ufuna ukuthuthela umsebenzi wakho efwini, kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona. Ungazilungiselela kangcono futhi unqobe lobo bunzima ngosizo lwayo. Ungathatha izinyathelo zokuya efwini futhi unciphise lezo zinkinga.
shiya impendulo