Idatha iyingxenye ebalulekile yamabhizinisi esimanje. Amabhizinisi athola idatha emithonjeni eminingi, njengabathengi, abahlinzeki, namasistimu angaphakathi, futhi ayisebenzisele ukwenza izinqumo ezifundisiwe. Nokho, njengoba umthamo wedatha nobunkimbinkimbi bukhula, kungase kube nzima ukuyiphatha nokuyisebenzisa kahle.
Ikhathalogi yedatha ingasiza kulokhu. Kuyithuluzi elisetshenziswa amabhizinisi ukuphatha amafa abo edatha. Ngamanye amazwi, kumane kuwuhla lwemibhalo lwamaqiniso ngenkampani. Lawa maqiniso angabandakanya indawo, isakhiwo, kanye nezicelo.
Ukuze uthole ukuphathwa ngempumelelo kwedatha, ikhathalogi yedatha ibalulekile. Ngaphandle kwekhathalogi yedatha, izinkampani zingena engozini yokulahlekelwa umkhondo wedatha yazo. Ibavimbela ekwazini ukuthi iyiphi idatha abanayo, ikuphi, nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani. Amaphutha edatha, impinda, nokungahambisani okubangelwa yilokhu kungase kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emabhizinisini.
Izingxenye Kukhathalogi Yedatha
Imethadatha, uhlu lwedatha, kanye nemininingwane yekhwalithi yedatha izingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile zekhathalogi yedatha.
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Imininingwane ekhombisa idatha ekukhathalogi yaziwa njengemethadatha. Iqukethe imininingwane efana negama ledatha, indawo, ifomethi, nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Ngokunikeza okuqukethwe kwedatha, imethadatha yenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukuthola futhi baqonde amafa wedatha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Umlando Wedatha
Umugqa wedatha uwumbhalo wokudalwa kwedatha, ukuguqulwa, nokunyakaza phakathi kwamasistimu ahlukahlukene. Inikeza umbono obanzi womzila wedatha, okwenza kube lula ukunquma ukunemba kwedatha nokulandelela umlando wayo.
Ulwazi Lwedatha Yekhwalithi
Ulwazi lwekhwalithi yedatha luhlola izici ezihlanganisa ukuphelela, ukulunga, ukungaguquguquki, kanye nokugcina isikhathi. Inikeza indlela yokunquma ukufaneleka kwedatha ekusetshenzisweni okuthile. Futhi, iqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ithobelana nezidingo zenhlangano.
Ukuqonda Ikhathalogi Yedatha
Ikhathalogi yedatha iwuhlu oluphelele lwezimpahla zedatha eziqukethe ulwazi olunembile mayelana neqoqo ngalinye ledatha. Ihlanganisa imethadatha, umugqa wedatha, nolwazi lwekhwalithi yedatha ukusiza izinhlangano ekuphatheni ngempumelelo amafa azo wedatha.
Imethadatha ichaza izici ezibalulekile zesethi yedatha, njenge-schema salo, ifomethi, uhlobo lwedatha, nomthombo wedatha. Uhlu lwedatha luchaza umlando wesethi yedatha, ofaka umsuka walo, ukuguqulwa, nokuncika. Futhi, ulwazi lwekhwalithi yedatha lubonisa ukulunga kwesethi yedatha, ukuphelela, nokwethembeka.
Amakhathalogi edatha ngokuvamile anephutha njengezichazamazwi zedatha noma uhlu lwedatha, nakuba engeyona into efanayo. Nakuba izichazamazwi zedatha zichaza futhi zichaza izingcezu zedatha, amakhathalogi edatha anikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana namasethi edatha aphelele. Ngokuphambene, uhlu lwedatha luvele lufake amafa wedatha ngaphandle kokunikeza noma yiluphi ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Ukuhlela Ikhathalogi Yedatha
Kubalulekile ukulungiselela kahle ngaphambi kokwakha ikhathalogu yedatha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyafeza izimfuno zenkampani. Ukuhlonza imithombo yedatha, ukusungula izindinganiso zemethadatha, nokuqonda izimfuno zabasebenzisi konke kuyizinkinga ezibalulekile.
Ukuhambisana nenani lemithombo yedatha enhlanganweni kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela. Ukugcina ukufana nokusebenzisana kuyo yonke inkampani, amazinga emethadatha kufanele asetshenziswe. Izidingo zomsebenzisi kufanele zichazwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhathalogi yedatha idalwe kucatshangwa ngazo.
Izinyathelo Zokudala Ikhathalogi Yedatha
Isinyathelo 1: Thola Imithombo Yedatha
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokudala ikhathalogi yedatha ukukhomba yonke imithombo yedatha yenhlangano yakho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imininingwane egciniwe, izinqolobane zedatha, amaspredishithi, nezinye izinqolobane zedatha. Uma usuhlonze yonke imithombo, ungaqala ukuqoqa imethadatha.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Iqoqa imethadatha
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqoqa imethadatha kuyo yonke imithombo yedatha esohlwini. Imethadatha icacisa izici ezibalulekile zedathasethi, njenge-schema sayo, ifomethi, uhlobo lwedatha, nomthombo. Izinsiza zokuqoqa imethadatha ekuhleleni idatha futhi kwenza kube lula ukusesha nokutholwa.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Iphrofayela yedatha
Ngemva kokuqoqwa kwemethadatha, idatha iphrofayili. Inqubo yokubuyekeza amasethi edatha ukuze kuhlonzwe isakhiwo sawo, into, kanye nekhwalithi yaziwa ngokuthi iphrofayela yedatha. Ukwenza iphrofayela kusiza ekuhlonzeni okukhathazayo ngekhwalithi yedatha njengokushoda kwedatha. Iqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ihlanzekile futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Dala Isichazamazwi Sedatha
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwakha isichazamazwi sedatha. Isichazamazwi sedatha siwuhlu oluphelele lwayo yonke idatha enkampanini yakho. Inikeza izincazelo ezicebile zemethadatha, ulwazi lwekhwalithi yedatha, nohlu lwedatha. Isichazamazwi sedatha sibalulekile ekuqondeni idatha yenhlangano yakho nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ukuhlonza Ubudlelwano Bedatha
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlonza isixhumanisi phakathi kwedatha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthola nokugqamisa isixhumanisi phakathi kwamasethi edatha. Lokhu kuvumela ababambiqhaza ukuthi baqonde kalula ukuxhumana phakathi kwemithombo yedatha.
Isinyathelo sesi-6: Ukwakha Uhlu Lozalo
Ukudala uhlu lohlu olunezithombe kubalulekile ekunqumeni uhambo lwedatha. Uhlu luchaza izinqubo eziningi ezihilelekile ekugelezeni kwedatha. Lokhu kwenza ababambiqhaza bakwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha imbangela yenkinga ngokumane balandele umkhondo wozalo.
Isinyathelo sesi-7: Inhlangano Yedatha
Idatha equkethwe ngaphakathi kwefayela noma ithebula ikhona ngokobuchwepheshe. Ngokwezidingo zebhizinisi, lokhu kungase kube nengqondo noma kungenzeki. Ngenxa yalokho, imizamo eyenziwa mathupha iyadingeka ukuze kuhlelwe idatha ngendlela abasebenzisi bebhizinisi abangayiqonda futhi bayithembe. Ukumaka idatha, ukuhlela idatha ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni nendima yomsebenzisi, kanye nokuhlelwa kwedatha okuzenzakalelayo zonke izindlela zokuhlela idatha.
Isinyathelo sesi-8: Nikeza Ukufinyeleleka kalula
Ikhathalogi yedatha kufanele itholakale kalula ngaphakathi kwesitaki sedatha ukuze isetshenziswe ngempumelelo kakhudlwana. Ungasebenzisa ikhathalogi yedatha kuwebhusayithi uma usebenzisa ithuluzi elinjalo Fafaza, okuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwekhathalogi yedatha.
Isinyathelo sesi-9: Beka Izinyathelo Zokuvikela endaweni
Ngenxa yokuthi ikhathalogi yedatha inokubuka konke kwayo yonke idatha yenhlangano, kubalulekile ukulandela izimfuneko zokuphepha. Ikhathalogi yedatha kufanele ibe nokuvikeleka okusekelwe endimeni, ulwazi lokuthi ubani osebenzise yiphi idatha futhi nini, ukuhlola, nokubethela.
Ukusebenzisa Ikhathalogi Yedatha Yakho
Ngokunikeza abasebenzisi ulwazi olugcwele lwamafa edatha, ikhathalogi yedatha ingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kwedatha nokwenza izinqumo.
Umhlaziyi wedatha, isibonelo, angasebenzisa ikhathalogi yedatha ukuze athole amasethi edatha afanelekile ocwaningo oluthile. Futhi, bangasebenzisa imethadatha ukuze baqonde ukwakheka nengqikithi yedatha. Ikhathalogi yedatha ingase isetshenziswe umsebenzisi webhizinisi ukufunda amasethi edatha ahlukene futhi athole imininingwane ngokuziphatha kwabathengi, ukusebenza komkhiqizo, noma amathrendi emakethe.
Ukufingqa, ukunakekela ikhathalogi yedatha kuhlanganisa ukuhlela ngokucophelela nomsebenzi ongashintshi. Nokho, inzuzo yokuba ne-inventory ephelele yezimpahla zedatha miningi. Ingathuthukisa ukwenziwa kwezinqumo futhi ikhulise ukukhiqiza.
Umehluko Phakathi kwezichazamazwi Zedatha, uhlu lwedatha, nekhathalogi yedatha
Nakuba izichazamazwi zedatha, uhlu lwedatha, namakhathalogi edatha konke kunikeza imininingwane yezimpahla zedatha zenhlangano, ububanzi bazo kanye nenani lemininingwane liyahlukahluka.
Idatha yesichazamazwi
Izichazamazwi zedatha zifaka imininingwane ngesakhiwo sedatha, okuhlanganisa amagama nezincazelo zamathebula, izinkambu, nokuxhumana. Zivame ukuthuthukiswa abaphathi besizindalwazi futhi zigxile olwazini oluthile lwezobuchwepheshe.
Uhlu lwedatha
Uhlu lwedatha luhlanganisa imininingwane yezimpahla zedatha ebonakalayo, okuhlanganisa indawo yazo, umnikazi, nezinga lokuvikela. Avame ukuthuthukiswa amayunithi e-IT agxile ekuphathweni kuhlu lwezimpahla zedatha.
Amakhathalogi edatha
Amakhathalogi edatha ahlanganisa imethadatha, uhlu lwedatha, nolwazi lwekhwalithi yedatha ukuze anikeze isithombe esiphelele samafa edatha enhlangano. Zihloselwe ukuba zisebenziseke kalula futhi zifinyeleleke kubasebenzisi bebhizinisi, ososayensi bedatha, nabanye ababambiqhaza okufanele baqonde futhi basebenzise izimpahla zedatha.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
Okuhlukile okuningi kufanele kucatshangelwe ngenkathi kwakhiwa ikhathalogi yedatha. Ukuze uqale, kubalulekile ukunquma imithombo yedatha okufanele ifakwe kukhathalogi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke idatha iyarekhodwa futhi iyafinyeleleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga emethadatha nezinqubo zokuphatha idatha kufanele zisungulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idatha ekukhathalogi ilungile, igcwele, futhi isesikhathini samanje. Ukuhleleka kwedatha nokufinyeleleka nakho kuyizici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe njengoba ikhathalogi kufanele ihlelwe ngendlela enengqondo kubasebenzisi futhi itholakala kalula ngaphakathi kwesitaki sedatha.
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