Namuhla, cishe wonke amabhizinisi e-inthanethi kufanele abe nezicelo zeselula.
Ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kwezinhlangano sekuyisidingo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umkhakha wamaselula ubonakala ugcwele. Njengoba i-Google Play Store kanye ne-Apple App Store njengamanje zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwezi-5,000,000 ezifinyelelekayo.
Le makethe, nokho, isadlondlobala, futhi akulindelekile ukuthi inciphise noma nini maduze.
Eqinisweni, i-Apple inedumela lokukhetha lapho ivuma izinhlelo zokusebenza. Zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza kufanele zithobelane nemibandela yazo eqinile ukuze zamukelwe ku-App Store.
Okuthakazelisayo ukuthi, naphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuduma kwesistimu yokusebenza ye-iOS namandla ayo aphezulu okuthola imali, abathuthukisi bayaqhubeka nokukhetha ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS.
Imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu ngale ndaba ifakwe kulesi sihloko, okuhlanganisa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule lapho uqala ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS, izilimi eziphezulu zokuhlela zokuthuthukiswa kwe-iOS, nokuningi.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS, kunezinto ezinhlanu okufanele uzikhumbule.
Kudingeka ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokuhlaziya ukuze udale uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS olusebenzayo, oluphelele. Ukuze sikusize ukhumbule ukuthi yini ebalulekile uma ufuna uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luphumelele, sidale uhlu olufushane kodwa oluwusizo.
1. Thola umgomo oyinhloko
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale, kufanele ucabange ukuthi kungani ukhetha ukudala uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza futhi uzame ukunikeza izimpendulo ezimfishane emibuzweni embalwa efana nalena:
- Kungani ngihlose ukudala lolu hlelo lokusebenza?
- Yiziphi izimfuno zomsebenzisi uhlelo lwakho oluzozanelisa?
- Ingabe ikhona imikhiqizo noma amasevisi afanayo? Uma kunjalo, iyiphi ikhwalithi ehlukanisayo umkhiqizo wami oyoba nayo?
Uma unezimpendulo zale mibuzo, ngeke nje kube lula ukuzidlulisela kubathengi, kodwa uzokwazi kangcono ukwenza izinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza.
2. Yenza icebo eliphelele lokudala uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-iOS.
Uma izimfuneko ezimbili zokuqala zifinyelelwe, ungaqhubeka nokuhlela.
Kufanele iphelele futhi ifake yonke imininingwane edingekayo. Okulandelayo uhlu lwemibuzo okufanele uyenze ngenkathi udala uhlelo olunjalo:
- Yini ecacile mayelana indawo yomsebenzisi?
- Yiziphi izinjongo othemba ukuzifeza?
- Yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obufaneleka kakhulu ekudaleni lolu hlelo lokusebenza?
- Uzohlola kanjani ukuthi isicelo sakho siphumelele?
- Yiziphi izenzo ezizokwenza ukwazi ukubona umbono wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza?
- Yiziphi izinto zokuphepha okufanele uzenze?
- Ingabe uhlose ukudala izinguqulo zesikhathi esizayo zamasistimu e-OS ahlukene?
3. Yenza ucwaningo lwemakethe
Naphezu kokuthi kubaluleke kangakanani, abanikazi bamabhizinisi abaningi abasinaki isigaba esilandelayo. Kufanele uqale ufunde kabanzi mayelana nabo ukuze ubenze balande uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
Ungenza inhlolovo noma uhlukanise isisekelo seklayenti lakho ukuze udale iphrofayela yomsebenzisi oqondiwe ojwayelekile ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nobulili, ubudala, nobuzwe.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo, uzokwazi ukuklama imikhankaso yokumaketha eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izethameli zakho futhi ukhulise inani lokulandiwe.
4. Cabanga ngokuhambisana nezinguqulo eziningana ze-iOS
Lapho udala uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akubona bonke abasebenzisi be-iPhone abagcina izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza zisesikhathini samanje.
Ngakho-ke, uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ngokwesibonelo, luhambisana kuphela nenguqulo yakamuva kakhulu kodwa ikhasimende lakho lisebenzisa endala, lingangeneliseki futhi lisuse uhlelo ngokushesha.
Ngakho-ke kufanele ugxile ekwenzeni uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luhambisane ngangokunokwenzeka nazo zonke izinguqulo zesistimu.
Ngisho noma kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi, kuzoba lula kunokunxenxa abathengi abangenelisekile ukuthi bayifake futhi, ngiyathembisa.
5. Hlola amakhono akho angaphakathi okuthuthukisa lolu hlelo lokusebenza.
Isikhathi nezindleko zokukhiqiza uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS kunqunywa ukusebenza kwalo nokuba yinkimbinkimbi.
Ngokuvamile kuwumthwalo wezisebenzi ezimbalwa, ezifana Nonjiniyela we-iOS, uMthuthukisi we-Frondend, Umklami we-UX, Umklami we-UI, Umklami Wezithombe, kanye Nonjiniyela we-QA kanye Nomphathi Wephrojekthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli qembu kufanele libe nolwazi kahle emakethe futhi libe nolwazi lwangaphambili lokuklama lolu hlobo lwesofthiwe.
Njengomphumela walokho, kufanele unqume kusenesikhathi ukuthi uyafuna yini ukufaka ithimba lakho lasendlini noma ukhiphe ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-iOS.
Izilimi ezingcono kakhulu zokubhala ngekhodi zokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS
Isinqumo ngolimi lokuthuthukisa i-iOS lapho isicelo sakho sizokwakhiwa khona kufanele sithathwe uma usunezimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo eshiwo ngenhla.
Kungani lokhu kubaluleke kangaka?
Njengoba uzofuna ukungeza izici ezengeziwe futhi uze wethule amanye amadivayisi uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luphumelele.
Ukukhetha ukuthi yiluphi ulimi lohlelo oluzokusiza ukuthi ufinyelele izinhloso zakho zesikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuchaza imigomo yakho.
Ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS bunikezwe ngezansi.
Lapha, uzothola izinhlaka zenkundla ehlukene kanye nezilimi ezenzelwe ngqo i-iOS kanye nezilimi zenhloso ejwayelekile. Zihlole zonke ukuze uthole ukuthi iyiphi elungele iphrojekthi yakho.
1. Swift
Noma ngabe awunalwazi olungakanani ngezilimi zokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS, maningi amathuba okuthi i-Swift ibe yimpendulo yakho odabeni esilubuzayo.
Ngolunye lwezilimi ezingaba nomthelela ekutheni izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS zithuthukiswa kanjani ngokuzayo.
I-Swift, eyethulwe ngo-2014, ikhuphuke ngokushesha phezulu ohlwini lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufaka amakhodi kuma-iPhone. Ukukala, ukusebenzisana, umthombo ovulekile, nokuthuthuka okusheshayo kuyizinzuzo zakhona eziyinhloko.
Ukwengeza, ukudalwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Swift kufaka phakathi i-ARC nokuphepha kwedatha (i-automatic memory arc).
I-Swift izoba yinketho enhle uma ufuna ukwakha ngokushesha uhlelo lokusebenza ongaluthuthukisa kalula ngokuzayo.
Ulimi luqinisekisa umjikelezo wokuthuthuka osheshayo kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza ikhodi evikelekile, ethembekile.
Ukwengeza, ivame ukubuyekezwa, okwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza zibe lula.
buhle
- Kungumsebenzi ovulekile.
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi izinzile.
- ngokushesha ukuthuthukisa inqubo
- Ukubalwa kweMemori okuzenzakalelayo kunikezwa (AMC).
bawo
- Umphakathi omncane.
2. Inhloso C
Njengesandiso solimi lokuhlela olugxile entweni yolimi lokuhlela lwe-C, i-Objective-C yathuthukiswa.
Lolu limi lokuhlela olugxile entweni, olwakhiwa njengesandiso solimi lokuhlela olugxile ezintweni, lwandulela i-Swift.
Yasungulwa ngo-1984 futhi okwamanje iwulimi lokuhlela lwenhloso evamile lusahambisana ne-Mac OS ne-iOS. Ngaphambi kwe-Swift, bekuwulimi oluyinhloko lokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS.
Kodwa-ke, inezihibe ezimbalwa ezizoyenza iphelelwe yisikhathi ngo-2021 njengolimi lohlelo lwe-iOS.
Kuyinselele ukufunda ngoba akutholakali njengolimi lomthombo ovulekile.
Ukwengeza, ukuntuleka kwayo kwezibuyekezo, ukusebenza okulinganiselwe, nezinkinga zokuphepha kulimaza ukukhanga kwayo. Nokho, ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengolimi oluthembekile nolwabantu abadala.
Kunezimo ezimbalwa kakhulu lapho i-Objective-C izokhethwa khona ku-Swift. Ulimi oluthuthukisiwe okungenzeka lube olwakudala kancane (inguqulo yokugcina ikhishwe ngo-2016).
Ukuthola onjiniyela abangakwazi ukuhlela ngalolu limi kungase kube nzima njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuncipha.
Kuphela uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olufinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu, ngisho nezinguqulo zangaphambili ze-iOS ezingasekelwa yi-Swift, kufanele ucabange ngakho.
buhle
- Inikeza ukuthayipha okunamandla.
- Ukuvuthwa nokuzinza.
bawo
- Kunzima ukufunda.
- Ukuphepha okuphansi kunikezwa.
- Ukusebenza okulinganiselwe.
- Akuyona iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile.
- Inqubo yentuthuko ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa.
3. C#
Ulimi lokuhlela olusezingeni eliphezulu, oluqondiswe ezintweni eziningi lubizwa ngokuthi C#.
Yathuthukiswa njengempendulo ye-Microsoft kulimi lokubhala lwe-Java. Iplathifomu ye-.NET, esebenza njengendawo yesikhathi sokusebenza kanye nohlaka, ixhunywe eduze ne-C#.
Ulimi oludume kakhulu lokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinhlelo zeWindows C#.
Noma kunjalo, manje sekuyenzeka ukudala isofthiwe yomdabu ngalolu limi cishe kunoma iyiphi inkundla, kuhlanganise ne-iOS, ngenxa yokwethulwa kohlaka lwe-.NET kumakhompyutha e-Linux ne-Mac.
Iwulimi lomthombo ovulekile oluvumela ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ze-iOS zonjiniyela abathuthukile kuya kwabamaphakathi ngendlela elula.
Ukwengeza, inethalente elikhulu kakhulu kunezinye izilimi zokubhala amakhodi, isiza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform, inomtapo wezincwadi ophelele, futhi iletha izinzuzo ezinkulu zezindleko nokuhlanganiswa.
Uma unonjiniyela be-C# abanolwazi eqenjini lakho futhi ufuna ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula zabasebenzisi be-Android, lolu limi lokuhlela luyisinqumo esihle kakhulu.
buhle
- Iwumthombo ovulekile.
- Inikeza abaqoqi bakadoti okuzenzakalelayo.
- Inomtapo wolwazi ocebile.
- Easy Ios ukuthuthukiswa.
bawo
- Kunzima uma kuqhathaniswa ukufunda kwabaqalayo.
- I-GUI embi.
4. I-HTML 5
Ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ukukhiqiza nokukhombisa amakhasi ewebhu ngokuchaza incazelo nesakhiwo sokuqukethwe kwawo baziwa ngokuthi i-HTML5, inguqulo yesihlanu futhi yokugcina enkulu ye-HTML okwamanje.
"Izinto ezintathu ezinkulu ezingaphambili" zivame ukusetshenziswa onjiniyela ngokuhlangana nayo, i-CSS, ne-JavaScript.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-Apache Cordova noma i-Visual Studio eshiwo ngenhla ye-Mac kwenza kube lula ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iOS.
Ihlinzeka ngokusefa ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, ukusebenzisana kweziphequluli, ukwesekwa kwezinkundla eziningi, ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko okukhethekile, futhi ivumela ngisho namazinga aphezulu amakhasi.
Uma ufuna ukudala ngokushesha uhlelo lokusebenza oluqondile lwe-iOS olungasetshenziswa futhi ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, i-HTML5 iyindlela engcono kakhulu.
Nokho, kungase kungabi inketho engcono kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iPhone ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezisebenzayo.
buhle
- Kuyinto engabizi kakhulu.
- Inikeza ukwesekwa kwezingxenyekazi eziningi.
- Ivumela ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
- Inika amandla ukunikeza izinga elihle lekhasi.
bawo
- Ayikuvumeli ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu.
- Ukusebenza okulinganiselwe.
- Izinkinga zedizayini eziphendulayo.
5. I-JAVA
I-Java iwulimi lwekhompiyutha lwenhloso evamile olufana nezilimi eziqhathaniswa no-C.
Ngenxa yalokho, i-iOS nayo ihlelwe ngolimi olugxile entweni ethayiphiwe ngokuqinile. Ikhodi yomthombo we-Java ingaguqulelwa kalula ku-Objective-C yeplathifomu ye-iOS (iPhone/iPad).
Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezidume kakhulu zokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android.
Kodwa-ke, ungayisebenzisa futhi ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwayo okubanzi.
I-Java akuyona inketho ethandwayo yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS, naphezu kokutholakala kwayo yonke indawo nokuhlukahluka.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele ucabange ngokusebenzisa ulimi olufanayo lokuhlela ukuze udale inguqulo ye-iOS uma usuvele unohlelo lweselula lwe-Android olwakhiwa ku-Java.
buhle
- Inikeza ukuguquguquka.
- Iwumthombo ovulekile.
- Ukwesekwa okukhulu komphakathi
- Ifanele kokubili ukuthuthukiswa komdabu kanye ne-cross-platform.
bawo
- Uhlobo lolimi olunzima.
- Ikhodi eyinkimbinkimbi.
- Idinga isikhala senkumbulo esibalulekile.
6. Phendulela uNative
I-Facebook yethule inkundla yesiphambano Phendulela uNative ubuchwepheshe ngo-2015. Njengamanje ingenye yezinsiza ezithandwa kakhulu ze-cross-platform.
Ivumela abathuthukisi be-software ukuthi bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bewebhusayithi ngokusebenzisa i-JavaScript. Imikhiqizo efana ne-Facebook, Snapchat, ne-Instagram yonke iyayisebenzisa, ukuze wazi ukuthi ungabeka ukholo lwakho kuyo
Uma ithimba lakho liqukethe ochwepheshe be-JavaScript noma be-React Native futhi ufuna ukudala uhlelo lokusebenza leselula le-iOS ne-Android ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-React Native inketho engcono kakhulu.
Lesi sixazululo sizokusiza ukuthi wonge isikhathi nemali, futhi ungaqiniseka ukuthi siyasebenza ngoba singenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni.
buhle
- Ukuthandwa okukhula ngokushesha.
- Iwumthombo ovulekile.
- Ihlinzeka ngokuhumusha ikhodi yomthombo futhi iguqule ngokushesha ibe izici zomdabu.
- Inqubo yokuthuthukisa ngokushesha
- Inika amandla abathuthukisi be-software ukuthi babhale amamojula ngezilimi zokuhlela ezifana ne-C, Swift, ne-JAVA.
bawo
- Ukushoda kwezinye izingxenye.
- Izinkinga zokuhambisana nokulungisa iphutha.
7. I-Flutter
Ikhithi Yokuthuthukisa Isofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza oluphelele (i-SDK), i-Flutter ihlanganisa amathuluzi namawijethi alungele ukusetshenziswa.
I-Google yaqhamuka nombono ngo-2015, kwathi ngo-2017, yethulwa ngokusemthethweni. Ngosizo lwaleli thuluzi, abathuthukisi be-Flutter bangakha kalula izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, iwebhu, nedeskithophu ekhangayo, ehlanganiswe ngokomdabu, kanye nedeskithophu besebenzisa i-codebase eyodwa.
Bobabili abathuthukisi be-iOS kanye ne-Android basebenzisa i-Flutter ngoba ibenza bakwazi ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-platform ezilula nezijabulisa ngobuhle.
Ezinye zalezi zinzuzo izindleko zayo eziphansi nesivinini, inkululeko ephelele yokwenza ngokwezifiso, amawijethi, nokutholakala njengolimi lomthombo ovulekile; noma kunjalo, isenamakhono amancane futhi angenalwazi.
Kubalulekile ukunaka i-Flutter, ikakhulukazi uma ungafuni ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS ne-Android kuphela kodwa nenguqulo yedeskithophu kanye ne-inthanethi.
Ukwengeza, njengoba leli thuluzi lakhiwe ngolimi lohlelo lwe-Dart, kuzoba inketho engcono kakhulu yebhizinisi lakho uma amalungu eqembu lakho ejwayelene nalo.
buhle
- Inqubo yokuthuthukisa ngokushesha.
- Imahhala futhi iwumthombo ovulekile.
- Ukwenza ngokwezifiso okugcwele nokunikezwa okusheshayo.
- Kulula ukugcina nokuthuthukisa izici ezintsha.
- Idinga i-codebase eyodwa kuphela yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezi-2.
- Ihlinzeka ngamawijethi ayo ongawasebenzisa.
bawo
- Inani elincane lemitapo yolwazi.
- Ukushoda kweziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukiswa
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-iOS kuzohlala kudumile. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izilungiselelo nezilimi ezahlukahlukene. Khetha ulimi lokuhlela olufanele lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iPhone kancane.
Impumelelo yephrojekthi yakho ingancika kakhulu ekukhetheni kwakho ulimi oluhle lokuhlela lwe-iOS. Ngakho-ke kufanele ucacise izidingo zakho nalokho okulindele ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngenkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza.
shiya impendulo