Inkundla yezokuxhumana yanamuhla iphakathi nendawo. Yize ukufinyelela enanini elikhulu ledatha kuwusizo olukhulu ezinkampanini ezifuna ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo wazo, ukwenza indawo eyodwa kuza ngentengo.
Amasevisi aphakathi nendawo ahloselwe ukugetshengwa. Phambilini ngo-Okthoba 2021, inkundla yokusakaza yase-Amazon i-Twitch yahlaselwa yi- ukwephulwa kwedatha okukhulu okuvumele abaduni ukuthi bakhiphe inani elikhulu ledatha ebucayi.
Izicelo ezibekwe endaweni eyodwa futhi zenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthi izinkampani zisebenzise igunya lazo. Iningi lamanje lesiko lewebhu lincike ezinkampanini ezifana ne-Meta ne-Google ukuthi zigcine konke okuqukethwe kwakho. Lezi zikhulu zobuchwepheshe zithembele kokuqukethwe komsebenzisi ukuze zenze inzuzo futhi ngokuvamile thatha ithuba yedatha yomuntu siqu yomsebenzisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe inzuzo.
I-Fediverse inethemba lokuxazulula inkinga yezinkundla zokuxhumana ezimaphakathi. Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezihlanganisiwe zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bashicilele okuqukethwe kuwebhu ngaphandle kokuthembela ezinkampanini ezinkulu. Nge-Fediverse, ekugcineni ungase ube namandla okudala i-Facebook yakho.
Iyini i-Fediverse?
I-Fediverse ibhekisela kunethiwekhi yamaseva axhumene asetshenziselwa ukushicilela iwebhu nokubamba amafayela. Lezi ziphakeli zixhumana zodwa zisebenzisa izinga elivulekile.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Fediverse zivame ukwethulwa njengendlela engcono yokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimaphakathi njenge-Twitter, Facebook, noma i-YouTube.
Isibonelo, inkundla ye-microblogging i-Mastodon inezici ezifana ne-Twitter kodwa zombili zisebenza ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Ngenkathi i-Twitter ithembele kuseva ephakathi nendawo eqhutshwa yinhlangano, iMastodon yakhiwe ngamaseva amaningi asabalale emhlabeni jikelele.
Iseva ngayinye ingaba nemithetho yayo, namalungelo e-akhawunti. Njengoba inani lezicelo ezihlukene likhuphuka minyaka yonke, amawebhusayithi athanda I-Fediverse.Party futhi indawo.ehlukahlukene ingasiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bazulazule futhi bahlole izinkundla ezahlukene.
Ukuze siqonde ukuthi i-Fediverse yenzani, kufanele siqale sihlukanise incazelo yegama. I-Fediverse iyisifinyezo somkhathi ohlangene futhi njengoba igama lisho igxile kumqondo womfelandawonye.
Isebenza kanjani i-Fediverse?
Yonke iseva ku-Fediverse inemithetho yayo, ama-akhawunti, nemiphakathi. Unalokho engqondweni, lokho kwehluke kanjani esimweni samanje se-Tiktok, Twitter, ne-Instagram?
Uma umsebenzisi ene-akhawunti ye-Twitter, angalandela kuphela amanye ama-akhawunti we-Twitter. Kodwa, uma une-akhawunti ye-Fediverse, ukhululekile ukulandela noma iyiphi enye i-akhawunti kunoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lokusebenza. Isibonelo, ngingaba ne-akhawunti mastodon.somphakathi futhi ulandele ama-akhawunti kwezinye izimo ezifana abaduni.town ngaphandle kokuthi udale i-akhawunti lapho.
Kungenzeka kanjani lokhu? Yonke inkundla ku-Fediverse isebenzisa iphrothokholi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ActivityPub ukuze ixhumane. Ngokufanayo nendlela i-imeyili ethembele ngayo kuphrothokholi ye-SMTP ukuze ithumele futhi yamukele imilayezo eya noma isuka kumaseva ahlukene, i-Fediverse incike ku-ActivityPub ukuze ivumele abasebenzisi abavela ezinkundleni ezihlukahlukene ukuthi bahlanganyele.
UmsebenziPub
I-ActivityPub ihlanganisa izenzo eziningi ezihlanganisa ukushicilela okuqukethwe, ukulandela izicelo, imilayezo, nokuningi. I-ActivityPub Object ikufomethi ye-JSON futhi iqukethe izinkambu ezimbalwa.
Into ngayinye ye-ActivityPub kufanele ibe ne- type
futhi id
. I-id i-URL eyingqayizivele egcina yonke imethadatha mayelana nomlayezo. Abasebenzisi bangenza a GET
cela ku-URL eyingqayizivele ukuze uthole yonke idatha ehlobene naleyo nto.
I-ActivityPub iphinda ichaze izinto ezimbalwa zabalingisi ezinjengomuntu, iqembu, inhlangano, uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nesevisi. Umlingisi ngamunye futhi udinga izici ezimbili: ibhokisi lokungenayo, nebhokisi lokuphumayo.
Esibonelweni esingezansi, sinezinto ze-ActivityPub lapho umsebenzisi u-Deen ethumela khona umlayezo oyimfihlo komunye umsebenzisi u-Carla. I to
inkambu isethwe ku-id ka-Carla kuphela ukukhombisa ukuthi umlayezo oyimfihlo phakathi kwakho kokubili. Qaphela ukuthi bobabili abasebenzisi banama-akhawunti kumaseva ahlukene. Uma iseva ka-Deen ithola ukuthi umamukeli ukusinye isenzakalo, iseva kufanele ixhumane neseva ka-Carla ukuze ilethe umlayezo.
Kungani Kufanele Imithombo Yezokuxhumana Ihlukaniswe?
Ubunikazi Bedatha yomuntu siqu
Ukwahlukaniswa kwamazwe kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babe ngabanikazi bangempela bedatha yabo. Izinkundla ezihlanganisiwe zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balande noma basuse yonke idatha yabo. Ngokuzenzakalela, lezi nkundla azilokothi zithengise idatha yomuntu siqu ezinkundleni zezikhangiso noma ezinhlelweni zokumbiwa kwedatha.
Inqubomgomo
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Fediverse nazo zivikeleke kakhulu ngokombono. Kunokuba uthembele idatha yakho kunkundla yezokuxhumana emaphakathi njenge-Facebook, uzobe uthemba idatha yakho esimweni esibethelwe nesivula umthombo. Amanethiwekhi omphakathi ahlanganisiwe ancike ekubhalweni kokhiye womphakathi ngokuvikeleka kwe-akhawunti.
Inkulumo Yamahhala
Isenzakalo ngasinye kumapulatifomu afana ne-Mastodon inesethi yayo yemithetho yokulinganisa. Abasebenzisi abafuna ukuthola indawo evulekile yemicabango yabo bangakhetha ukuthi yiziphi izimo abangazijoyina.
Izibonelo ze-Fediverse Software
I-mastodon
I-mastodon uhlelo lokusebenza oludume kakhulu kuze kube manje ku-Fediverse. Uhlelo lokusebenza luyinkundla ye-microblogging enomthombo ovulekile eyakhiwe inani elikhulu lamanodi e-Mastodon.
Ikhishwe okokuqala ngo-2016, manje inabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3. I-Mastodon iyaqhubeka nokukhula ngokuthandwa njengoba izingxabano zikhuphuka ngenxa yokuthengwa kwe-Twitter ngu Umsunguli weTesla u-Elon Musk ekuqaleni kuka-April.
Peertube
Peertube iyinkundla yevidiyo enwetshiwe nengumthombo ovulekile enikwa amandla yi-ActivityPub. Isenzakalo ngasinye se-PeerTube sinesizindalwazi lapho abasebenzisi bengaphequlula futhi babuke amavidiyo.
Amavidiyo asetshenziswa I-WebTorrent ubuchwepheshe. Iseva ngayinye isingatha i-torrent tracker yayo futhi yabelane ngomthwalo wokusingathwa kwamavidiyo phakathi kweseva ngokwayo namaklayenti. Yonke iseva ye-PeerTube ingahlanganyela namanye amaseva ukuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babukele ividiyo efanayo. Lokhu kungase kuvumele i-PeerTube ukuthi isingathe izigidi zamavidiyo ngaphandle kokudinga ingqalasizinda esetshenziswa inkampani yezigidigidi zamadola njenge-Google.
owncast
owncast iyividiyo ebukhoma ozisingathile kanye neseva yengxoxo yewebhu ongayisebenzisa njengenye indlela yokusakaza bukhoma izinkundla ezifana neTwitch.
Isiphetho
Ukungathembi ama-monopolies ezobuchwepheshe kuyaqhubeka nokukhula phakathi komphakathi. Izinkundla ezifana ne-Facebook ne-YouTube ziyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa ama-algorithms obunikazi nezindlela zokumbiwa kwedatha ukusizakala ngabasebenzisi bazo.
Lezi zingxenyekazi azisamemi kangako kubasebenzisi abancamela ukushicilela okuqukethwe ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuvinjelwa noma ukubhekwa.
Yize sekuphele iminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi i-Fediverse ikhona, kusazobonakala ukuthi umphakathi wonkana uzoba nogqozi olwanele yini lokuthuthela lapho.
shiya impendulo