Zvinogona kunge zvichitora nguva kugadzira mushandisi interface kubva kutanga. Mashandisirwo emushandisi aunovaka anofanirwa kunge ari nyore kushandisa, kutevedzera mitemo yemhando, uye kuoneka nyowani uye yazvino.
Paunowedzera nguva dzakasimba uye bhajeti shoma kumusanganiswa, basa rinowedzera kuoma. Zvisinei, pane mhinduro kune dambudziko iri, uye rinozivikanwa sea user interface kit.
Mushandisi interface kit chigadzirwa chinogona kukubatsira kubvisa kudzokorora mabasa uye kusunungura simba rako rekugadzira.
Mune ino post, isu tichatarisa kuti yakavhurika-sosi UI toolkit chii, zvakanakira nekuipira, pamwe nerondedzero yeakanakisa akavhura-sosi UI toolkit. Ngatitange.
Chii chinonzi open-source UI toolkit?
A graphical user interface (GUI) toolkit muunganidzwa wekodhi yakanyorwa kare iyo inokutendera kuti ugadzire zvikamu zveGUI pasina kunyora kodhi yese wega.
Chero chikamu chechimiro icho mutengi anogona kudyidzana nacho, senge mabhatani, zvinyorwa zvemavara, menyu zvinhu, uye zvichingodaro, zvinodaidzwa sechikamu cheGUI.
Kune akawanda eakavhurika-sosi UI maturusi ekushandisa anowanikwa kune akawanda programming mitauro, saka kana iwe uri kunyora Java kodhi, zvirokwazvo pane imwe yakagadzirirwa iwe chete.
Iyo UI toolkit chishandiso chakanakisa chevagadziri vanotarisa kusimudzira kugadzirwa kwavo. Inowanzoshandiswa muwebhusaiti uye dhizaini yeapp sezvo ichibvumira vagadziri kuti vashande zvakanyanya uye nekukurumidza pasina kugadzira maUI zvinhu kubva kutanga.
Yakanakisa Open-source UI toolkit
1. Ionic
Ionic ndeye yakavhurika-sosi mushandisi interface sisitimu yekugadzira yakakwirira-mhando mbozha uye desktop maapplication uchishandisa webhu matekinoroji seHTML, CSS, uye JavaScript, pamwe nekubatanidzwa neakakurumbira masisitimu akadai Angular, React, uye Vue.
Iyo yekushandisa interface, kana ruzivo rwemushandisi, ndiyo hwaro hweIonic Architecture. Zviri nyore kunzwisisa, kubatanidza, uye kushandisa pasina furemu yekumberi uchishandisa chinyorwa chakapfava chinobatanidza mamwe maraibhurari kana mafaera seAngle.
Uchishandisa Ionic toolkit, mapurogiramu anogona kuendeswa chero kupi zvako, kusanganisira munharaunda chaiyo. Iyo Ionic framework ine nharaunda ine hupenyu, iyo inobvumira vanogadzira kubvunza mibvunzo uye kuwana mhinduro nekukurumidza.
Ionic inogona kutsanangurwa seyakasanganiswa sisitimu sezvo ichibatanidza zvekuzvarwa uye zvewebhu zvikamu.
zvayakanakira
- Ionic ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa sarudzo pakati pevagadziri sezvo inoshanda pamapuratifomu ese, kusanganisira Android, Windows, uye iOS.
- Vazhinji vanogadzira vanoziva HTML, CSS, uye JavaScript, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kwavari kugadzira iyo framework.
- Inoshandisa ma plugins, uye kana ikasashanda munharaunda yemuno, chimiro chinotungamirwa nemapulagi.
- MuIonic, desktop application inogona kushandurwa zvachose kuita nharembozha.
- Ionic ine zvakawanda zvekuwedzera maficha, kusanganisira dzikisa notices uye rutsigiro rwePWA.
nezvayakaipira
- Iyo dhizaini inogona kumira pakati pemapuratifomu sezvo imwechete kodhi sevha inoshandiswa kune vese.
- Ionic haina kukodzera basa re3D kana kusimudzira mutambo.
- Kana ichienzaniswa nemaapps emuno, maIonic application anotora nguva yakareba kuti atange.
- Kuchengeteka kweakavakirwa-mukati maIonic maapuro chinhu chinonetsa, kunyanya kubhengi nemari.
2. wxWidget toolkit
wxWidgets chishandiso chevagadziri vekugadzira graphical mushandisi nzvimbo dzedesktop uye nharembozha (GUIs). Iyo dhizaini mupfungwa yekuti inotarisira yakawanda yebasa regrunt uye inopa pre-yakatsanangurwa maitiro ekushandisa.
Raibhurari yewxWidgets ine makirasi akawanda uye nzira dzinogona kushandiswa nemugadziri uye kugadzirisa. Kazhinji, maapplication anoratidza windows ane zvidzoreso zvakajairwa, pamwe achigadzira chaiyo mapikicha uye magiraidhi, uye achipindura mapindiro kubva kune mbeva, keyboard, kana mamwe masosi. Iwo anogona zvakare kushandiswa kupindirana nemamwe maitiro kana kudzora mamwe maapplication.
Kuti tizviise neimwe nzira, wxWidgets inoita kuti zvive nyore kune mugadziri kugadzira application inoita zvese zvinoitwa neazvino application.
Nepo wxWidgets ichiwanzo kunzi GUI yekuvandudza Toolkit, yakawanda kupfuura izvozvo, kusanganisira kugona kunobatsira kune akasiyana siyana ekuvandudza maapplication mabasa. Izvi zvinofanirwa kunge zvakadaro sezvo chirongwa chewxWidgets chichifanira kutakurika pakati pemapuratifomu pazere, kwete GUI chete.
Mafaira nenzizi, tambo dzakawanda, zvigadziriso zvemaapplication, kutaurirana, rubatsiro rwepamhepo, kuwana dhatabhesi, uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvese zviripo muwxWidgets.
zvayakanakira
- wxWidgets inopa zvisungo zvepython, Perl, PHP, Java, Lua, lisp, erlang, Eiffel, C# (.NET), BASIC, Ruby, uye kunyange JavaScript, kuwedzera kuC++.
- Shanduro dzinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu dzinotsigirwawo.
- Ndiyo imwe yeakazara GUI maturusi ezvishandiso aripo. Kune akati wandei utility makirasi anowanikwa.
- Kushandisa pachedu uye kwekutengesa zvese mahara.
nezvayakaipira
- Zvizhinji zvekushandisa zvekutengesa hazvigoneke.
3. Balze UI
Blaze UI ndeye isingaremi UI Toolkit uye yemahara & yakavhurika-sosi (MIT License) Framework inopa yakanakisa chimiro chekukurumidza kuvaka mawebhusaiti ane scalable uye yakagadzikana hwaro.
Zvikamu zveBlaze UI zvese mbozha-kutanga, zvichitsamira chete pane yemuno browser mashandiro pane kuparadzanisa raibhurari kana chimiro. Iyo inotibatsira mukukurumidza uye nemazvo kugadzira webhusaiti ine scalable uye inopindura ine maitiro anowirirana.
Nekushandisa akawanda Machikamu, Zvinhu, uye Zvishandiso, iyo Blaze UI inorerutsa kugadzirwa kwezvakareruka zvigadziriso zvinobatsira kuita kuti webhusaiti yese ive yakanaka uye inopindirana.
zvayakanakira
- Chero chimiro chichaita, kana hapana zvachose. Hauna kuvharirwa. Zviri kwauri.
- Blaze haitore muridzi wechero yezvigadziriso zvako kudzamara wanyatsoikumbira.
- Ichi chirongwa chemahara zvachose. Iyo inotambirwa paGitHub uye yakavhurika kune veruzhinji.
- Zvese zvikamu zvakagadzirwa zvine nharembozha mupfungwa uye zvinoenderana nechero saizi yescreen.
nezvayakaipira
- Hapana matambudziko akawanikwa.
4. GTK+
GTK+ ndeye-multi-platform toolkit yekugadzira graphical user interfaces yakavakwa neMotif aesthetic mupfungwa. Chaizvoizvo inotaridzika zvakanyanya kupfuura Motif.
Iine majeti akareruka uye akaoma senge faira kusarudzwa uye kusarudzwa kwemavara. Yakatanga seti yemajeti eGIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program).
Yakakura zvakanyanya kubva ipapo uye iko zvino yave kushandiswa nea nhamba huru yezvirongwa, pamwe neGNOME desktop project's toolkit. GTK+ chikamu cheGNU Project uye ndeyemahara software.
Iyo GNU LGPL, kune rumwe rutivi, inobvumira chero vanogadzira, kunyangwe avo vanogadzira proprietary software, kushandisa GTK+ vasingabhadhare chero mari yerezinesi kana mari. GTK+ yakavakwa kubva pasi zvichikwira kuti ishande nemitauro yakasiyana siyana, kwete C/C++ chete. Kushandiswa kweGTK+ kubva mumitauro yakaita sePerl nePython (kunyanya kana yakasanganiswa neGlade GUI muvaki) inobvumira kukurumidza kuvandudza kwekushandisa.
zvayakanakira
- Mitauro yakawanda inotsigirwa, kusanganisira Java, JavaScript, C++, Python, Pascal, FreeBasic, uye Haskell, zvisinei, tsigiro yeC# neGO haina kukwana.
- Kushandisa PyGi ine Gtk Themes kugadzira muchinjika-chikuva chemakambani maapplication anoita kuti vataridzike zvakanaka.
nezvayakaipira
- Sezvo Gtk3 isingachatsigire zvidhori uye mnemonics, mamenu ekufambisa ane kiibhodhi zvinenge zvisingaite.
5. QT toolkit
Qt ndeye multiplatform graphical user interface toolkit yekugadzira maapplication esoftware muC++. Inopa vanogadzira ese maturusi avanoda kuti vagadzire muchinjika-platform maapplication ane "state-of-the-art" mushandisi interface.
Nekuti Qt yakanyorwa muC++, yakatarisana nechinhu uye inogonesa chechokwadi chechikamu chirongwa.
Qt inonzi "nyora kamwe chete, unganidza chero kupi zvako" hurongwa hunochengetedza nguva kune vanogadzira nekuvada kuti vangonyora uye vachengetedze nheyo imwe chete yekodhi mune chero chikuva chavanosarudza kusimudzira, nepurogiramu yapera inoumbwa pane mamwe mapuratifomu ose.
zvayakanakira
- Kuburikidza nekudzokorodza kuri nyore, Qt app budiriro inogonesa kutakurika kwechirongwa kumapuratifomu akawanda.
- Inosimudzira budiriro yebudiriro uye inoderedza nguva yekutengesa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti maapplication ari mune ramangwana-uchapupu.
- Kushandisa Qt streamlines tekinoroji zano uye, semhedzisiro, inodzikisa mari.
- Inochengetedza nguva nekuisa kodhi imwe pazviratidziro zvese nemapuratifomu.
- C ++ programming inopa vanogadzira kuzvimiririra uye kugona kushanda nenhamba huru yemaraibhurari aripo.
- Iyo kodhi inoshandurwa kuita mabhanari ekuzvarwa, ayo anoita nekumhanya kuzere (hapana chikonzero chekushandisa muchina chaiwo)
nezvayakaipira
- Nekumisikidza, zvikamu zveQT GUI hazvipi kutaridzika kwakanaka uye kunzwa kweIOS uye Android.
- Pasina Qt Quick Compiler, inongowanikwa neQt Commercial version, nguva yekutanga inowedzera zvakanyanya.
- Kune makuru Ad Networks, hapana zviri pamutemo Qt rutsigiro (chete maraibhurari ebato rechitatu, kana awanikwa).
Zvakanakira kushandisa UI toolkit
- Iwe haufanirwe kugadzira chikamu cheGUI kubva pakutanga pese paunoshandisa kiti yekushandisa.
- Kodhi yako ichava nyore kutakura kune ese anoshanda masisitimu kana iwe ukashandisa muchinjika-chikuva chekushandisa.
- Zvese zvikamu zvako zvichave nekutaridzika kwakafanana uye kunzwa kana iwe ukashandisa kiti yekushandisa, izvo zvinozoita kuti chirongwa chako chitaridzike chehunyanzvi uye chakakwenenzverwa.
- Zvinowanzo kuve nyore kudzidza mashandisiro akavhurika-sosi maturusi, sezvo iwo akanyorwa zvakanaka uye anosanganisira yakawanda mienzaniso.
Zvakaipa pakushandisa UI toolkit
- Mamwe maturusi ekushandisa akakura uye ane chimiro-akapfuma, zvichiita kuti atye kushandisa.
- Sezvo open-source toolkits achiwanzo gadzirwa nevazvipiri, hunhu hwavo hunogona kunge hwakaderera kune vekutengesa.
- Mamwe ma-open-source toolkits anogoverwa ane marezinesi anoganhurira mashandisirwo aanogona nokugoverwa.
- Kana ukashandisa kiti yezvishandiso, unoganhurirwa nekwaniso yayo uye ungasakwanisa kugadzira iwo chaiwo mainterface aunoda.
mhedziso
Chekupedzisira, Mushandisi Interface (UI) Kit muunganidzwa weyakagadzirira-kushandisa-mushandisi interface zvikamu uye maturusi epamhepo uye nharembozha. Nesarudzo dzakabatanidzwa dzemaitiro, vagadziri vanogona kunyatso shandura chimiro chemukati, matemplate, uye marongero kuti vavake yavo mushandisi interface uye kuchengetedza mhando kuenderana nekungodzvanya kushoma kana kudhonza-uye-kudonha.
Funga zvaunoda uye zviwanikwa zvawakagadzirira kuisa mari mazviri pakusarudza yakavhurika-sosi UI toolkit. Qt kana GTK+ inogona kuve yakanakisa imwe nzira kana iwe uchida ficha-yakapfuma turusi kit ine akasiyana siyana ekuita.
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