Imwe pfungwa yakabata fungidziro yevaoni nevatsvagiri zvakafanana munzvimbo inokurumidza kukura yekubatana kwevanhu-tekinoroji: iyo neural lace.
Iyi ivhu-inotyora uropi-kombuta interface (BCI) ine mukana wekushandura kudyidzana kwedu neakangwara matekinoroji, kusunda miganhu yekugona kwevanhu kusvika kumusoro kusingafungidzirwe.
Tichatanga rwendo rwekupinda munyika inoshanduka yeneural lace inozopedzisa mune inotevera nhanho yekushanduka-shanduka: Neuralink.
Joinha isu patinenge tichiongorora kuti Neuralink inovaka sei paNeural Lace nheyo uye inosimudzira kubatana kwevanhu-tekinoroji kupinda munguva itsva yekugona.
Nhoroondo Diki
Neural lace, mutambo wekushandura uropi-kombiyuta interface (BCI), inhanho huru mberi mukubatana kwevanhu-muchina.
Zvinosanganisira kuisa mesh yakatetepa kwazvo yemagetsi muuropi, ichigadzira kubatana kusina musono necerebral system.
Iyi interface inobvumira nzira mbiri dzekukurukurirana pakati pehuropi nemidziyo yekunze.
Neural lace inogona kugadzirira nzira yehukuru hwekuziva masimba, kutaurirana kwakagadziridzwa, uye kurapa kutsva kwezvirwere zvetsinga.
Academics, vatsvakurudzi, uye futurists vakakweverwa kune pfungwa yeneural lace nekuti inodzima mutsauko pakati pehungwaru hwechisikigo uye cognition yekugadzira, kujekesa nzira yeshanduko kufambira mberi muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Kubva kuNeuralace kuenda kuNeuralink: Kufambisa Brain-Machine Collaboration Pamberi
Shanduko kubva kuNeuralace kuenda kuNeuralink inhanho yakakosha kumberi mumunda webrain-computer interfaces (BCIs).
Neuralink, inotungamirwa namuzvinabhizimusi Elon Musk, inoshuvira kudzoreredza kubatana kwevanhu-tekinoroji nekuvaka pamusoro pepfungwa itsva yeneural lace.
Iyo yekucheka-kumucheto BCIs yakagadziriswa neNeuralink inovavarira kusanganisa iyo isina musono ubongo hwevanhu nemakomputa akangwara, achigonesa kutaurirana kweviri uye kuvhura mahorizoni matsva mukugona kwevanhu.
Nezvinangwa zveNeuralink zvechimbichimbi nekudyara kwakakosha, pfungwa yekubatanidza njere dzevanhu nedzekugadzira inotora danho repakati, ichivimbisa kufambira mberi kwekuchinja-mutambo kunogona kushandura kudyidzana kwedu netekinoroji uye kuwedzera horizons yekuziva kwevanhu.
Kuvamba Vision uye Yekutanga Chikwata
Elon Musk neboka revasayendisiti vanomwe uye mainjiniya anoshanda neuroscience, biochemistry, uye marobhoti akavamba Neuralink mu2016.
Chinangwa chekambani chekutanga chaive chekugadzira majeti ekurapa hosha dzehuropi dzakakomba, nechinangwa chenguva refu chekuvandudza kwevanhu.
Musk akafungidzira chidimbu chedhijitari pamusoro pe cortex, ichigadzira hukama hwesymbiotic nehungwaru hwekugadzira, yakafemerwa nesainzi fiction pfungwa ye "neural lace" kubva kuna Iain M. Banks 'The Culture series.
Chinangwa chaive chekugadzirisa kukuvara kwehuropi nemuzongoza, nemukana wekuwanazve hunyanzvi hwakarasika kuburikidza neural implants.
Kufambira mberi uye Mienzaniso
Neuralink yakakwezva kutarisa muna Kubvumbi 2021 nekuratidzira tsoko ichitamba mutambo "Pong" ichishandisa huropi-kombuta yayo yekumisikidza.
Kunyangwe tekinoroji yakafanana yaivepo kare, kuisirwa kweNeuralink kwakamira pachena nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kusina waya uye kuwedzera kwenhamba yemagetsi, zvichiratidza kufambira mberi kweinjiniya.
Iyo kambani yaida kuratidza kuti uropi-kombuta inopindirana inogona kufambisa yakananga kupindirana pakati pehuropi nemidziyo yekunze.
Nekudaro, pakazosvika Ndira 2022, hutungamiriri hwekambani uye timu yepakutanga yakanga yachinja, paine vaviri chete vavambi vakasara.
Matangiro Akavanzika Akanyanya
Gizmodo akati muna 2018 Neuralink inochengetedza yakakwira yakavanzika yakatenderedza mabasa ayo.
Nepo zvakange zvichishaikwa, zvinyorwa zveveruzhinji zvakaratidza chinangwa chekambani chekuvhura kuongorora mhuka nzvimbo muSan Francisco.
Zvichitevera izvozvo, Neuralink akatanga mabasa ekutsvagisa paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Davis.
Chidzitiro chekuvanzika chakasimudzwa muna 2019 apo timu yeNeuralink yakaratidza prototype yavo inogara kuCalifornia Academy yeSainzi.
Zvichienderana netsvakiridzo yakaitwa paUCSF neUC Berkeley, ichi chigadziriso chepasi chaisanganisira ma-ultra-thin probes akaiswa muuropi, robhoti reurosurgical for precision procedures, uye high-density electronic system yekududzira neuron input.
Advanced Probe Technology
Maprobes, ayo anowanzo gadzirwa nebiocompatible polyimide negoridhe rakatetepa kana platinamu conductor, ari pamwoyo we Neuralink's brain-computer interface.
Maprobe aya anoiswa muuropi nemarobhoti anovhiya.
Imwe neimwe probe ine mawaya akawanda ane maelectrodes ekuona mafambiro emagetsi uye dunhu rinonzwa kuti ribatane neiyo yemagetsi system, ichibvumira chiratidzo kukwidziridzwa uye kutora.
Maprobe aya akagadzirwa zvine hungwaru, ane waya 48 kana 96 uye anosvika makumi matatu nemaviri emagetsi akasiyana.
Kuumbwa kumwe chete kunogona kugadzira kusvika ku3072 electrode, ichipa iyi tekinoroji kufambira mberi kwakakosha muhuropi chiratidzo chekutarisa kugona.
Iyo N1 Implant uye Zvikamu Zvayo: Kudyara Ramangwana
Chigadzirwa chemureza cheNeuralink, iyo N1 Implant, inonyatso kuisirwa uropi-kombuta interface iyo isingaonekwe uye inenge isingaonekwe neziso rakashama.
Iyo N1 Implant, iyo inochengeterwa mumudziyo webiocompatible, yakagadzirirwa kurarama yakanyanyisa mamiriro emuviri, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye hupenyu hurefu mukati memuviri wemunhu.
Iyo implant, iyo inofambiswa nebhatiri diki, inochaja isina waya uchishandisa inductive charger, ichibvumira vashandisi kubata makomputa kana nharembozha kubva chero kupi.
Yepamberi, yakaderera-simba maseketi uye redunhu process neural masiginecha usati waaendesa pasina waya kuNeuralink Application, iyo inodhirodha kuyerera kwedata kuita mirairo inoshanda.
Threads: Kuderedza Kukuvadza uye Kuwedzera Kubudirira
Iyo N1 Implant kubva kuNeuralink inorekodha neuronal chiitiko kuburikidza ne1024 maelectrode akakamurwa pamusoro pe64 tambo.
Idzi tambo dzakatetepa, dzakanyanya kuchinjika dzakakosha pakudzikisa kukuvara kwetishu panguva yekuisirwa uye kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwenguva refu.
Kuiswa zvine hungwaru kwema electrode kunobvumira kwakaringana uye kwakakura kwehuropi chiratidzo chekutarisa, nekudaro kunowedzera mabhenefiti anogona kuitika eBCI tekinoroji.
Biocompatible Enclosure yeImplant
Iyo biocompatible casing yeN1 Implant yakanyatso kugadzirwa kuti irambe inodiwa mamiriro emuviri wemunhu, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uropi-kombuta uye hupenyu hurefu.
Kusimba kwegoko kunobvumira kuti implant ishande zvakanaka mukati menzvimbo yakaoma yehuropi pasina kuburitsa zvisingadiwe kana kukuvara kune yakatenderedza neural tissue.
Iyi nhanho yebiocompatibility yakakosha mukugadzira yakavimbika uye yakabudirira uropi-kombuta interface iyo inogona kusangana isina musono nehuropi hwemunhu.
Ma Threads ane High Flexibility: Kuchinjika kune Neural Dynamics
Kunze kwekunyanya kutetepa, tambo dzeNeuralink dzinochinjika zvakanyanya, dzichivabvumira kuchinjika uye kufamba nehuropi hwechisikigo simba.
Uku kuchinjika kwakakosha kuti urarame kwenguva refu nekuti inodzikisira njodzi yekunetsekana kwemakanika kana kukuvara kwehuropi tishu kunokonzerwa neakaomesesa anodyara.
Kugona kwetambo kuti dzienderane nekufamba kwehuropi kunoita kuti ibatanidzwe zvakanaka neneural circuitry, inosimudzira kugadzikana uye kushanda kwenguva refu kweiyo brain-computer interface.
Electrodes uye Comprehensive Neural Monitoring
Iyo plethora yema electrode mune iyo implant inopa yakadzama yekuona kwehuropi chiitiko, ichibvumira kwakaringana uye chaiyo neural chiratidzo decoding.
Kufukidzwa kwakakura kweneural circuits kunowedzera mukana wekuvandudzwa kwehuropi-muchina kudyidzana, zvichibvumira kudzoreredzwa kweakarasika kugona, kurapwa kwehurwere hwetsinga, uye optimization yezvinogona kuitwa nevanhu kuburikidza nehuropi-kombuta interface tekinoroji.
Wireless Bhatiri Kuchaja: Kuwedzera Mushandisi Nyaradzo
Bhatiri diki muN1 Implant yakakosha tekinoroji, inobvumira kuchaja isina waya kuburikidza nechaja inductive.
Iyi isina waya yekuchaja basa haingoite kuti zvive nyore kushandisa asi zvakare inobvisa kudiwa kwekupindira kwebhatiri maitiro.
Iyo uropi-kombuta interface ndeye inoshanda uye mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika mhinduro yekushandisa kwenguva refu nekuti vashandisi vanogona zviri nyore kudzorera iyo implant kubva kunze kwemuviri.
Iyo yekuvhiya Robot's Precision
Nekuda kwekutetema kweshinda, kuiswa kwakakodzera kunoda kushandiswa kwerobhoti rekuvhiya. Robhoti yekuvhiya kubva kuNeuralink yakagadziridzwa zvine hukasha kuti ibaye shinda chaizvo painodiwa.
Musoro werobhoti, uyo wakashongedzwa neakaomesesa kamera masisitimu uye optical coherence tomography (OCT), inova nechokwadi chekuiswa uye kuiswa kweiyo yekupedzisira-yakanaka tambo.
Tsono iri parobhoti yakatetepa kupfuura bvudzi remunhu uye inobata zvine hunyanzvi, inoisa, uye inoburitsa tambo, ichiva nechokwadi chekushanda kwakatsetseka uye kwakachengeteka.
Robhoti yekuvhiya yakagadziridzwa neNeuralink inhanho yakakosha yekufambisa zvishoma invasive probe kuisirwa.
Robhoti rinokurumidza kuisa mhondi yezvinochinjika muuropi, ichidzikisa njodzi yekukuvadzwa kwetishu uye matambudziko ehupenyu ane chekuita nebulkier, rigid probes.
Robhoti rinonamira pazvishwe zvinopinza, rinobaya majekiseni ega ega, uye rinopinda mukati memeninji nematishu ehuropi richishandisa musoro unopinza une tsono yakagadzirwa netungsten-rhenium.
Hunyanzvi hwayo hunoshamisa hunoibvumira kupinza waya dzinosvika nhanhatu, dzinosanganisira 192 maelectrode, miniti yega yega, ichimhanyisa zvakanyanya kuisirwa.
Custom Electronics for Data Processing
Neuralink yakagadzira application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) kubata hombe data kuyerera kubva kuma electrode.
Mukati mechip, iyi 1,536-channel yekurekodha system ine 256 yakazvimirira programmable amplifiers inozivikanwa se "analog pixels" uye analog-to-digital converters (ADCs).
Iyo sisitimu inoisa digitized ruzivo kuburikidza neperipheral circuit control, ichishandura neural signals kuita inonzwisisika binary code.
Pasinei nemiganhu yemagetsi emazuva ano, ayo anogona kungotora kupfurwa kweboka reeuroni panzvimbo pega, boka reNeuralink rinoramba riine tariro, richinyatsoongorora dzimwe nzira dzekuvandudza huchokwadi uye kunzwisisa kwebasa rehuropi kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kubudirira.
Kubatanidzwa kweAI: Kugonesa iyo Brain-Computer Interface
Neuralink iri pamberi pekuvandudza, kusanganisira Artificial Intelligence (AI) yekuvandudza kugona kweiyo brain-computer interface (BCI).
Iyo Neuralink Application inotsamira pane yepamusoro muchina kudzidza algorithms kuverenga uye kuongorora mavhoriyamu makuru e data neural yakawanikwa kubva kumagetsi akaiswa.
Iyo tekinoroji yeAI inoshandiswa inogonesa chaiyo-nguva yekutarisisa uye kuongororwa kwezviratidzo zvehuropi, ichipa iyo chaiyo uye nekukasira kududzira kwecerebral chiitiko mukuita mirairo.
Uyezve, AI-inotyairwa optimizations inobatsira mukukunda ikozvino electrode saizi miganho pamwe nekuomerwa kwekubata yega neuron chiitiko.
A Smooth BCI Chiitiko: Kutanga Kushandisa
Chinangwa cheNeuralink ndechekuunza yakatsetseka uye mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika uropi-kombiyuta interface ruzivo.
Neuralink inovimbisa kuti vashandisi vanogona kuwirirana zviri nyore nemidziyo yekunze kuburikidza nehuropi nekutarisa nekukurumidza uye kwakavimbika kutonga komputa.
Uku kukoshesa kushandiswa uye kuwanikwa kunoisa nzira yekuti BCIs igamuchirwe zvakanyanya uye ibatanidzwe muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Tichifunga nezveramangwana
Kuenderera mberi kwekutsvaga BCIs neNeuralink kune hukuru hwekugona kuvandudza hupenyu.
Vanotarisira kuunza iyi hunyanzvi hwekuita neurotechnology kubva murabhoritari kuenda kudzimba dzevanhu nekuvhara gap reunyanzvi-tekinoroji, izvo zvichave nemhedzisiro yakakura mukufambira mberi mune zvekurapa uye kubatana kwevanhu nemuchina.
Avo vanofarira kutora chikamu mune ramangwana reNeuralink miedzo yekiriniki vanogona kujoinha Patient Registry yavo kuti vadzidze zvakawanda nezve mukana wehuropi-kombuta interfaces.
Putira
Ramangwana rinovimbisa mikana inonakidza sezvo Neuralink inoramba ichisundira miganhu yeuropi-kombiyuta interface teknolojia nekubatanidzwa kweAI.
Iko kukanganisa kweiyi budiriro interface inosvika kure neyakasimwa yakazara uye biocompatible N1 Implant.
Chinangwa cheNeuralink chagadzirira kushandura mabatiro atinoita tekinoroji, kubva pakudzorera kuzvitonga kune vanhu vane zvinodiwa zvekurapa zvisina kukwana kusvika pakuvhura kugona kwevanhu kuburikidza nekusagadzikana kwevanhu-muchina symbiosis.
Sezvo tekinoroji yehungwaru hwekugadzira inofambira mberi, mikana yekuvandudza kushanda kwehuropi, kurapa zvirwere zvetsinga, uye kunyange kusvika kusymbiosis neAI inova pachena, ichiunza nguva nyowani yekufambira mberi kwevanhu uye kugona kusingagumi.
Leave a Reply