Zviri Mukati[Viga][Ratidza]
Iyi hurukuro ichatenderera yakatenderedza mamodule uye mapakeji muPython.
Iyo inzira yekuronga kodhi yako muchimiro chemafaira uye yakakosha kana iwe uchifunga kuvaka webhu maapplication nePython.
modules
A module muPython ichokwadi faira ine imwe python kodhi yatinoshandisa kuronga kodhi yedu kuita mafaera. Funga nezvazvo sezvikamu musupamaketi. Paunoenda kuchitoro kune zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemichero, miriwo, zvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa nezvimwewo. Hauoni chikamu chimwe chete chine zvigadzirwa zvese.
Ndiyo pfungwa imwe chete mukuronga. Panzvimbo pekunyora kodhi yedu yese nemabasa ese uye makirasi mune main.py, isu tinotyora kodhi yedu kuita akawanda mafaera. Imwe neimwe faira inonzi module. Neizvi, haisi kodhi yedu chete yakarongeka uye yakarongeka, asi isu tine kugona kushandisa zvakare kodhi yedu. Ngationei kuburikidza nemuenzaniso.
Ngatitsanangurirei mabasa maviri ekushandura huremu kubva pamapaundi kuenda kumakirogiramu uye zvichipesana.
def lbs_to_kg(weight):
return weight * 0.45
def kg_to_lbs(weight):
return weight / 0.45
Iye zvino, tinogona kutora mabasa maviri aya toaisa mune imwe module inonzi "converters", uye inogona kuendeswa kune chero chirongwa chinoda aya ekushandura mabasa. Rega ndikuratidze kuti ungaita sei izvi.
Ngativhurei purojekiti yedu uye tinya-kurudyi chirongwa uye tiwedzere faira idzva. Tichadaidza faira iyi "Converters.py".
Ikozvino kopira iyo kodhi kubva kune yakasarudzika faira uye isa mu "Converters.py".
Neizvi, takachenesa module yedu huru uye haina kuputika nemabasa akasiyana. Sezvo isu tichinyora mamwe mabasa nemakirasi, tinoaisa mumamodule anoenderana. Module inofanirwa kunge iine ese ane chekuita nemabasa uye makirasi. Ikozvino, isu tinoda kuunza iyo inoshandura modhi mune yedu app module. Kuti uite izvi, nyora import converters
pamusoro pasina kuwedzera ".py".
Tinogona kuwana nhengo dzemodule nekushandisa dot opareta yakafanana nenzira.
Ngatishandure 70 kg kuita mapaundi:
Kune zvakare imwe syntax yekupinza mamodule. Panzvimbo yekuunza iyo module yese, isu tinogona kuunza chaiwo mabasa kubva kune iyo module. Tinogona kutaipa from Converters import
wobva wadzvanya “control + space kuratidza rondedzero yemabasa aripo. Neizvi, tinogona kudana zvakananga basa iri.
kusimbisa muviri
Hechino chiitiko chako.
Izvi zvinoenderana nechiitwa kubva muhurukuro yatakakurukura “yezvishongo” kwatakanyora chirongwa chekutsvaga nhamba huru kubva parunyorwa
numbers = [8, 3, 6, 10, 5]
max = numbers[0]
for number in numbers:
if number > max:
max = number
print(max)
Kodhi iyi parizvino haina sangano. Isu hatina mabasa kana mamodule uye chirongwa chakanyorwa mufaira rimwe chete. Izvo zvakanaka kune zvidiki zvirongwa asi sezvo zvirongwa zvako zvinokura, iwe unofanirwa kuronga nemazvo kodhi yako mumakirasi uye mamodule. Naizvozvo, sechikamu chechiitwa ichi, ndinoda kuti iwe unyore basa, ridaidze find_max
. Iri basa rinofanira kutora runyoro uye kudzosera nhamba huru pane iyo rondedzero. Mushure mezvo enda mberi uise basa iri mune imwe module, ribvise kubva pano uye riise mune module inonzi utils
. Iyi module inofanira kunge iine boka remabasa ekushandisa. Import the utils
module mune yazvino module uye kufona find_max
basa. Pakupedzisira, tora mhedzisiro uye woidhinda pane terminal.
Ichi chiitiko chinonetsa zvishoma asi chinogoneka nyore.
mhinduro
Tanga nekutsanangura basa find_max
uye wedzera parameter inonzi manhamba. Mukati mebasa iri, nyora algorithm yekutsvaga nhamba huru pane rondedzero.
def find_max(numbers):
max = numbers[0]
for number in numbers:
if number > max:
max = number
return max
Sevha kodhi iyi mufaira "utils.py" semodule.
Kudzokera kuchirongwa chedu chikuru, ingo pinza moduru neimwe yeaya maviri syntaxes uye ingoita iyo logic.
Chinhu chimwe, chandinofanira kuunza pfungwa dzako kune iyo yakaderedzwa max
. Chikonzero chacho ndechekuti max
ibasa rakavakirwa-mukati muPython uye tiri kuitsanangura patsva. Saka iyi yambiro kubva kune Python compiler kuti hatichakwanise kushandisa max seyakavakirwa-mukati basa.
Yakavakwa-mukati maModules muPython
Python inouya neyakajairwa raibhurari ine akati wandei mamodule emabasa akajairwa sekutumira maemail, kushanda nezuva uye nguva, kugadzira zvisina mwero tsika uye password uye zvichingodaro. Kune akawanda mamodule atovakwa muPython zvinoreva kuti kwatove nemabasa akawanda atinogona kushandisa zvakare. Unogona kuwana aya mamodule pano.
Mabhokisi
Mapakeji ndiyo imwe nzira yekuronga kodhi yedu pamusoro pemamodule. Iyo chaiyo purojekiti inogona kuve nemazana kana kunyange zviuru zvemodule uye nekufamba kwenguva dhairekitori redu richazara nemafaera akawanda. Naizvozvo, nzira iri nani ndeyekuronga ane hukama mamodule mukati mepakeji inoita kuti pasuru yacho ive mudziyo wemamodule akawanda.
Dhairekitori idzva rinowedzerwa kupurojekiti uye ese ane hukama mamodule anowedzerwa kune iro dhairekitori. Somuenzaniso, funga nezvechitoro. Kune zvikamu zvakasiyana zvevarume, vakadzi uye zvipfeko zvevana muzvitoro zvakaita semapakeji. Chikamu chega chega chine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa seshangu, t-shirts nemabhachi. Funga nezvazvo semamodule.
Ngationei, kugadzira uye kushandisa mapakeji muPython.
Kutanga, wedzera dhairekitori idzva kubva pane chirongwa cheprojekiti. Ngatizvidaidze "eCommerce". Iyi package ichange iine ese mamodule ane chekuita neCommerce application.
Ichiri dhairekitori isina chinhu uye kuishandura kuita package, isu tinofanirwa kugadzira yakakosha faira mairi. Wedzera faira nyowani yepython mune ino dhairekitori uye zita iro faira "__init__". Igungano rakakosha muPython uye muturikiri wePython paanoona faira rine zita iri mudhairekitori, rinotora dhairekitori iri sepakeji.
Isu tine zvakare imwe uye yakapfupika nzira yekugadzira package. Ingo dzvanya-kurudyi pane purojekiti uye gadzira Python package kubva pane iyo rondedzero. Itumidze "eCommerce" uye ndizvozvo. Ichagadzira dhairekitori nefaira rePython rakanzi "__init__".
Zvino, ngatigadzire module mupakeji uye tiipe zita rekuti "kutumira". Mune ino module, ngatigadzirei nyore basa rekuverenga mutengo wekutumira.
def calc_shipping():
print("calc_shipping")
Kuti uwane basa iri mune yedu huru module, isu tinofanirwa kuiwana kuburikidza ne e-commerce package. Zvekare isu tine nzira mbiri dzekupinza iyi module.
Munzira yekutanga, tinogona kupinza iyo module yese tobva tadaidza basa rakazvimiririra seizvi:
import eCommerce.shipping
eCommerce.shipping.calc_shipping()
Nekudaro, neiyi nzira, kudaidza rimwe remabasa kune ino module kunoda prefixing nayo eCommerce.shipping.
Ndizvo chaizvo verbose. Saka, kana tichishanda nemapakeji isu tinowanzo shandisa nzira yechipiri uye kushandisa iyo from
Statement.
from eCommerce.shipping import calc_shipping
calc_shipping()
Kana uine akawanda mabasa mumodule imwe unogona kuapinza ese mumutsara mumwe chete uchishandisa koma pakati pawo. Ngatitii pane rimwe basa rekuverenga mutero mune yedu yekutumira module. Izvo zvichaunzwa sezvizvi:
from eCommerce.shipping import calc_shipping, calc_tax
Iwe unogona zvakare kupinza ega mamodule uye kusiya mabasa kuti azodaidzwa pane imwe nguva muchirongwa. Ngatitorei kunze iyo module yekutumira tobva tashandisa dot opareta kufonera basa calc_shipping.
from eCommerce import shipping
shipping.calc_shipping()
Putira!
Mapakeji uye maModule akakosha zvakanyanya muPython. Kunyanya, kana iwe uchida kushanda nehurongwa hwakafanana neDjango iyo inoshandiswa pakuvaka webhu kunyorera pamwe nePython. Tichatarisa muDjango pane imwe kosi yePython.
Iyi yaive hurukuro yekupedzisira munhevedzano iyi. Hurukuro inotevera ichatsauka kubva kune yedu yakajairika fomati uye isu tichadzidza mamwe akakosha ekushandisa muPython. Izvi zvicharatidza kupera kweiyi nhevedzano uye isu tichaenda kune yedu inotevera Python nhevedzano. Gara wakamirira izvozvo.
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