Nhevedzano yemirairo kana zvirevo zvinonzi chirongwa. Chimiro chechirongwa cheC ++ chinoumbwa nezvirevo izvi. Izvo zvinogoneka kugadzira yakakwirira-inoshanda maapplication uchishandisa iyo general-chinangwa chirongwa chemutauro C ++.
Makirasi, zvinhu, nzira, uye mienzaniso misiyano ingori mashoma emidziyo inogona kushandiswa kunyora C ++ kodhi.
Kupa maitiro e chirongwa chakanangana nechinhu paradigm, C++ programming yakavakirwa paC.
Pasinei nekutsigira akawanda maficha, C ++ haisi chinhu chakanangana zvachose programming language.
Zviitiko zvepasirese zvinofungidzirwa sezvinhu zviri muchirongwa chakanangana nechinhu. Kuvandudza uye kuchengetedza kwekodhi kunoitwa nyore.
Izvo zvinotarisana nechinhu zveC ++ zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuvaka uye kugadzira kodhi yakaomarara.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyo C ++ chirongwa chimiro chakakamurwa kuita chikamu cheyakajairwa maraibhurari, makuru mabasa, uye chikamu chemuviri.
Saka, iyi post ichaita kuti tive nekunzwisisa kwakakwana kweC ++ chirongwa chechirongwa.
Chimiro cheC ++ Chirongwa
Chirongwa cheC ++ chakarongwa nenzira yakasarudzika uye yakasarudzika. Chirongwa muC ++ chakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvinotevera:
- Chikamu cheMaraibhurari Akajairika
- Basa Guru
- Body Chikamu
Ngationgororei kuita kwechirongwa cheHello World semuenzaniso:
Chikamu cheMaraibhurari Akajairika
Chirongwa chinowanzo kuve neakasiyana-siyana ekugadzira ekugadzira, anosanganisira akavakirwa-mukati mabasa, makirasi, mazwi akakosha, anogara, anoshanda, uye nezvimwe zvakafanotsanangurwa muyakajairwa C ++ raibhurari.
Musoro wakakodzera unofanirwa kupihwa muchishandiso kuti ushandise zvinhu zvakafanotsanangurwa zvakadaro. Pamusoro pezvo, iwo akajairwa misoro inopa ruzivo senge data rudzi rweanogara, iyo prototype, tsananguro, uye yekudzoka mhando yemabasa eraibhurari, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
Yakakosha preprocessor rairo inozivikanwa se #include makopi uye inonamira iyo yakazara faira zvinyorwa zvinopihwa mukati memakona mabhuraketi mune kodhi kodhi.
Input-output streams dzakadimburirwa se“iostream” uye ifaira rakajairwa rinofanira kusanganisirwa neC++ compiler. Iko kupinza kwemushandisi uye makodhi ekuratidzira ari mumurairo uyu.
C++ Standards Committee yakaita gadziridzo dzakati kuti kuC++ kubvira pakatanga mutauro. Chinhu chitsva chakafanana chemutauro uyu iNamespace.
Inogonesa kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakati wandei pasi pezita rimwechete, kusanganisira makirasi, zvinhu, mabasa, uye mamwe maC ++ tokens.
Akaparadzana mazita enzvimbo anogona kuumbwa nevashandisi vakasiyana. Vanogona kushandisa mazita kune masangano akafanana semhedzisiro.
Nekuita izvi, kukanganisa-nguva yekukanganisa kwakaunzwa nemazita-kukakavadzana kunodzivirirwa.
Iwo akajairwa raibhurari masangano akarongwazve neC++ Standards Committee pasi pezita rezita std.
Kune ese mazita mune imwe seti, nzvimbo yezita chivakashure chinoshandiswa. Muchishandiso ichi, mazita maviri - cout uye endl - anotsanangurwa muiyo iostream faira.
Basa Guru
Basa rekutanga rinonzi main () rinotanga chirongwa cheC++. Basa guru rinoshanda senheyo yechero C ++ chirongwa. Yese C++ chirevo chinoda kumhanya chakanyorwa muchikamu chikuru ( ).
Mirayiridzo yese inosanganisirwa mukuvhura nekuvhara mabhureki akamonana” ayo anotenderedza muviri mukuru wekodhi anoitwa nemuunganidzi ( ).
Iyo purogiramu inomiswa uye kukosha kunodzoserwa kune inoshanda sisitimu nekukurumidza kana ese mirairo mune main () yapera.
MuC ++, chikuru () kazhinji inopa iyo inoshanda sisitimu int kukosha. Nekuda kweizvozvo, chirevo chekudzoka 0 chinofanira kuuya pakupera kweiyo main (). Kudzosa kukosha kwe0 uye isiri-zero inoratidza kubudirira nekukundikana, zvichiteerana.
{inoratidza kutanga kwebhuroko rekodhi uye } inoreva kupera kwayo.
Kana software yako ichiitwa nekombuta, iyo inoshanda sisitimu inodaidza basa iri.
Body Chikamu
Kubuda kwehunhu kunorehwa neacronym cout, iyo inoratidza chero chinosanganisirwa pakati pe << mabhureki.
Kana yasanganiswa nekiyi kiyi cout, zviratidzo << zvinogona kuita senge mabasa zvakare.
Iyo purogiramu inorayirwa kudzorera kukosha kune basa int main uchishandisa izwi rekudzoka.
Iyo yekushandisa system chikamu chakatanga ichi application chinodzora kutonga kwekuita mushure mekudzoka chirevo.
Kodhi inomira kushanda panguva ino.
Comments
Iyo compiler inofuratira mitsara mitatu yekutanga yechirongwa chiri pamusoro sezvo ivo vari zvirevo. Purogiramu ine mashoko ekuita kuti iverengeke zvakanyanya.
Kana kutaura kuri diki zvekukwana pamutsetse mumwe chete, kunotangirwa nekaviri slash kutevedzana mumutsara wekutanga wechirongwa.
Kana mhinduro iine mitsara yakati wandei, inoparadzaniswa nemavara /* uye */.
Zvimiro zveC ++
- Kuti uvandudze ndangariro manejimendi, unogona kushandisa C++'s nyowani uye kudzima maoperator kugovera zvine simba ndangariro chirongwa chiri kushanda.
- Iwo ane mukurumbira maOOP pfungwa senge Abstraction, Nhaka, Encapsulation, uye Nhaka inogona kushandiswa muC ++ maapplication sezvo C ++ ichipa-yakatarisana nehurongwa hwekuita maitiro. Zvinhu izvi zvinogadzira kukura C ++ kodhi zviri nyore.
- Sezvo mazhinji eC++ compilers ari ANSI-inoenderana, C++ inotakurika nekuti zvirongwa zvakanyorerwa imwe inoshanda sisitimu inogona kushanda isina kugadziridzwa pane imwe.
- MuC ++, tine mabasa anoita kuti zvive nyore kukanganisa nyaya muzvikamu zvinogadziriswa zvekodhi uye kuronga purogiramu nenzira inowedzera kuverenga uye kushandiswa zvakare.
- Kugovera dynamic memory kunotsigirwa neC ++. Iyo yakagoverwa ndangariro inogona kugara yakasunungurwa. Pamusoro peC ++, mutauro uyu unopawo maitiro ekugadzirisa ndangariro.
- Sezvo kuunganidza kwayo uye nguva dzekuuraya dziri pfupi, C ++ mutauro unokurumidza. Iyo zvakare inopa yakakura sarudzo yeakasiyana data mafomati, mabasa, uye anoshanda.
- Mapuratifomu anosiyana kana zvasvika kuC ++. Tataura izvozvo, C ++ zvikumbiro zvinogona kumhanya pamakomputa akati wandei pasina kana shanduko.
Yakapedzwa C++ chirongwa
Heino chirongwa chakatwasuka cheC ++ chinokutendera kuti uwedzere nhamba mbiri uye kunyatso nzwisisa chimiro chadzo.
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