Chitukuko chamasewera chikukwera lero. Dziko la Unreal Engine ndizosangalatsa komanso zoyenera kuzifufuza.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake, mu positi iyi, tiwona kamangidwe ka injini yamasewera otchuka awa.
Tiwona momwe Unreal Engine ilili chida chabwino kwambiri chopangira masewera apakanema apamwamba kwambiri komanso zowonera zomanga. Komanso, tiwona zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chida champhamvu. Kuchokera pamapangidwe ake ozikidwa pazigawo mpaka chilankhulo chake cholembera; ndizofunika kuziganizira.
Choncho, tiyeni tiyambe ndi kuphunzira za Unreal Engine!
Kodi Unreal Engine ndi chiyani? Ndipo, Chifukwa Chiyani Ili Yotchuka Chotere?
Unreal Engine ndi injini yamasewera yamphamvu.
Chifukwa chake, ngati ndinu wopanga mapulogalamu mutha kupanga modabwitsa masewera akanema, zokumana nazo zenizeni, ndi zowonera zamamangidwe nazo. Ndizofala pakati pa opanga chifukwa ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuzikonza. Komanso, ili ndi zida zambiri komanso luso.
Unreal Engine ikhoza kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri popanga projekiti yanu yotsatira.
Tiyeni tiwone kamangidwe ka Unreal Engine posanthula zigawo zake chimodzi ndi chimodzi.
pakati
Chigawo cha Core cha Unreal Engine ndiye pakatikati pa injiniyo ndipo chimayang'anira ntchito zoyambira. Imayang'anira kukonza zolowetsa, kasamalidwe ka kukumbukira, ndi ulusi. Komanso, imapereka malaibulale ofunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini yonse, monga Math Library ndi Object Library.
Gawo la Core limapangidwa kuti likhale lachangu, lodalirika, komanso lowopsa. Chifukwa chake, opanga amatha kupanga mosavuta masewera apamwamba ndi mapulogalamu.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za gawo la Core ndi makina ake ogwiritsira ntchito. Imathandizira kuyika kwa mbewa, kiyibodi, ndi gamepad. Dongosololi ndi losinthika kwambiri ndipo limatha kukulitsidwa kuti lizitha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zambiri zolowetsa. Makina owongolera kukumbukira amaphatikizidwanso mu gawo la Core.
Zimathandizira kutsimikizira kuti kukumbukira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Ndipo, zimalepheretsa kukumbukira kutayikira. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la Core limathandizira ma multi-threading. Chifukwa chake, opanga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma CPU amitundu yambiri kuti agwire bwino ntchito.
Kufunika kwa gawo la Core kuli pakutha kwake kupereka maziko okhazikika. Chifukwa chake, injini yotsalayo ikhoza kumangidwa pamenepo. Zimathandizira opanga kuti aziganizira kwambiri za kupanga mapulogalamu ndi masewera. Simuyenera kuda nkhawa ndi zinthu zotsika pogwira ntchito zofunika monga kukonza zolowetsa ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la Core limagwira ntchito ngati maziko olimba.
Blueprint Visual Scripting
Blueprint Visual Scripting mu Unreal Engine ndi makina owonera. Mutha kupanga logic yamasewera, machitidwe a AI, ndi zina zomwe zimachitikira popanda kupanga mapulogalamu. Ili ndi mawonekedwe okoka ndikugwetsa pomanga.
Komanso, ili ndi mfundo zolumikizira zomwe zimayimira zochita, mikhalidwe, ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Mphamvu yake imabwera mu kuthekera kwake kuyesa mwachangu ndikubwereza malingaliro amasewera.
Ndipo, chofunika kwambiri ndi kupezeka kwa omwe si mapulogalamu. Popanda kudikirira wopanga mapulogalamu, mamembala ena a gulu amatha kupanga mwachangu mawonekedwe amasewera. Izi zimathandizira kwambiri chitukuko.
Chifukwa chake, mutha kukhala ndi zoyeserera zowonjezereka mukamapanga.
Kupereka
Chigawo cha Unreal Engine's Rendering ndi chomwe chimayang'anira kupereka zowonera za 3D pazenera. Amagwiritsa ntchito DirectX, OpenGL, kapena Metal. Komanso, imaphatikizapo luso lapamwamba monga mithunzi yovuta, zowonetsera, ndi mithunzi yosinthika. Chigawo cha Rendering chimapangidwa kuti chikhale chofulumira, chogwirizana, komanso chowonjezereka.
Kuti mutha kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za Rendering ndikuthandizira ma shaders ovuta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kupanga zida zenizeni komanso malo owoneka bwino. Kuthandizira kumasulira kotengera thupi (PBR), kumakuthandizani kuti mupange chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha kuwala ndi zida.
Kuthekera kowunikira kwapamwamba monga kuyatsa kosunthika komanso zowunikira zenizeni zimathandizidwanso.
Ndi Rendering, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zomwe zasinthidwa pambuyo pokonza, monga kuya kwa gawo ndi malo ozungulira pazenera. Ndipo, zonsezi zimathandizira kukonza mawonekedwe azithunzi.
Chigawo choperekera cha Unreal Engine ndichabwino kwambiri chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwake. Kodi tikutanthauza chiyani pamenepa? Mutha kukwaniritsa mitengo yapamwamba ngakhale pama Hardware otsika. Palibe zodabwitsa chifukwa chake ndi chida chodziwika pakati pa opanga masewera!
Physics
Chigawo cha Unreal Engine's Physics chimachokera pa injini ya NVIDIA PhysX. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kuwonetsa molondola matupi olimba, matupi ofewa, kapena madzi. Chigawochi chimapangidwa kuti chikhale chofulumira, cholondola, komanso chowonjezereka. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupanga kulumikizana kokhutiritsa komanso kokakamiza.
Kuthekera kwapamwamba kothandizidwa ndi gawo la Fizikisi kumaphatikizapo kuyerekezera kwa nsalu. Mutha kupanga nsalu zokhala ngati moyo ndi zida za nsalu. Palinso ntchito yozindikira kugundana kuti muzindikire ndikuchitapo kanthu pakagundana pakati pa zinthu zomwe zili pachiwonetsero.
Gawo la Fizikisi ndi gawo lofunikira pakumanga kwa Unreal Engine. Ndiwo maziko opangira zochitika zenizeni komanso zodalirika pamasewera. Chigawochi chimakupatsani zida zopangira zokumana nazo zosangalatsa komanso zowoneka bwino.
Mutha kubweretsa luso lanu pama projekiti anu. Ndi zowona kaya ndikufanizira zenizeni za ragdoll physics ya otchulidwa kapena kupanga zovuta zotengera fizikisi.
Wazojambula
Ndi gawoli, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makanema ojambula kuti mukhale ndi moyo anthu ndi zinthu. Chigawochi chimapereka zida zambiri zopangira makanema ojambula, monga Animation Blueprints (ma grafu ndi makina a boma) ndi makanema ojambula pamanja.
Makina opanga makanema amathanso kulowetsa makanema ojambula pamapulogalamu ena a 3D mu Unreal Engine pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo ya FBX.
Pomwe masewera anu akuyenda, mutha kusintha ndikusakaniza makanema ojambula osiyanasiyana. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ngati makanema ojambula, malo ophatikizika, ndi makina aboma. Komanso, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito makanema ojambula omwewo kwa anthu osiyanasiyana okhala ndi matupi osiyanasiyana.
Mutha kukhudza mayendedwe a otchulidwa muzochitika zanu.
Audio
Chigawo cha Audio cha Unreal Engine ndi chida champhamvu chowonjezera mawu ndi nyimbo pamasewera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito. Mutha kupindula ndi maluso osiyanasiyana. Pali zinthu monga kuthandizira mafayilo amawu m'mitundu ingapo komanso kuwongolera kosinthika kwamawu.
Madivelopa atha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la Audio kuti awonjezere mwachangu ndikuwongolera zida zamawu powonekera. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusintha nyimbo zakumbuyo, zomveka, ndi mawu. Ili ndi zida zingapo zosinthira kusewera kwamawu, kuphatikiza voliyumu, mawu, ndi kuwongolera.
Chigawo cha Audio cha Unreal Engine chimalumikizidwa kwathunthu ndi injini yonse. Chifukwa chake, mutha kukhala ndi mawu osunthika omwe amayankha zochitika zamasewera. Kaya mukupanga masewera othamanga kapena zochitika zenizeni, gawo la Audio lili ndi zonse zomwe mungafune.
Intaneti
Malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ali ndi zida zambiri zopangira masewera a pa intaneti ndi mapulogalamu ambiri. Iwo amathandiza zosiyanasiyana maukonde kasinthidwe.
Izi zikuphatikiza anzawo-kwa-mnzake, kasitomala-seva, ndi ma seva odzipatulira. Komanso, ili ndi API yosinthika, yolimba yopanga mayankho a bespoke networking.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maluso ngati kulumikizana kwanthawi yeniyeni ndi kulumikizana kwa osewera.
Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka maukonde mu Unreal Engine adapangidwa kuti akhale owopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndiyoyenera pamasewera ang'onoang'ono odziyimira pawokha komanso zokumana nazo zamasewera ambiri.
Chiyanjano cha ogwiritsa (UI)
Unreal Engine User Interface (UI) ndi chida chamtundu wina komanso champhamvu. Mutha kupanga mawonekedwe osinthika, komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito amasewera ndi mapulogalamu. Mosiyana ndi machitidwe wamba a UI, UI ya Unreal Engine ndi yosinthika kwambiri. Komanso, zimasinthika mosavuta ku zofuna zapadera za polojekiti iliyonse.
Mawonekedwe a Unreal Engine amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma widget. Ma widget awa ndi zida zopangidwira kale za UI monga mabatani, masilayidi, magawo alemba, ndi UMG (Unreal Motion Graphics). UMG ndi chilankhulo chowonera chomwe chimakuthandizani kuti mupange ma UI ogwirizana.
Mutha kupanga zolumikizirana kwambiri zomwe zimayankha kuyanjana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Ndipo, mutha kukhala ndi kuwongolera kwathunthu pamawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a UI.
UI ya Unreal Engine imathandiziranso zinthu zingapo zapamwamba. Izi zikuphatikiza kusinthasintha kwamitundu yambiri ndi nsanja zambiri, mapangidwe omvera, ndi masanjidwe amphamvu. Momwemonso, mutha kupanga zolumikizira zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino pazida zosiyanasiyana.
Zimagwira ntchito bwino kaya mukumanga masewera am'manja, zochitika za VR, kapena pulogalamu yapakompyuta.
Kutsiliza
Kugwiritsa ntchito injini ya Unreal, m'malingaliro athu, ndikusuntha kwanzeru kwa opanga masewera ndi opanga ambiri. Ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kopangitsa malingaliro anu kukhala amoyo, ophatikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwake komanso gulu lothandizira.
Chifukwa chake, ndi njira yosangalatsa kwa onse odziwa zambiri komanso omwe akungoyamba kumene.
Ndizoyeneranso kudziwa kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Unreal Engine m'mafakitale ena kupatulapo kupanga masewera, monga zomangamanga, kapangidwe kazinthu, kanema ndi kanema wawayilesi.
Makhalidwe onsewa amaphatikiza kupanga Unreal Injini kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino kwa aliyense amene akufuna kupanga zatsopano komanso zokopa chidwi.
Siyani Mumakonda