M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
- Kodi System Administrator ndi chiyani?
Maudindo a System Administrator+-
- 1. Ulamuliro ndi Zilolezo Zogwiritsa Ntchito
- 2. Kuchenjeza & Kuwunika
- 3. Kusunga, kusintha, ndi kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu
- 4. Kuwongolera ndi Kukonzekera kwa Mafayilo
- 5. SSO ndi Password Administration
- 6. Ndondomeko ndi Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Dongosolo
- 7. Chitetezo
- 8. Kusintha Ma Runbooks ndi Kusunga Zolemba Zaposachedwa
- 9. Kuzindikira, Kuyankha, ndi Kukonzanso Zochitika
- 10. Kuthetsa mavuto ndi kukonzekera
- Kodi Ziphaso Ndi Zofunikira Kwa Oyang'anira System?
- Kutsiliza
Ndi mabizinesi ambiri omwe akutenga ukadaulo waposachedwa, kukhala ndi zida zolimba za IT ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa kale. Kupuma sikungosokoneza mabizinesi; Zingathenso kuwachotsa mwamsanga.
Mtengo wapakati wa IT downtime ndi $ 5,600 pamphindi, malinga ndi lipoti la Gartner.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake mabizinesi amafuna kuti oyang'anira dongosolo azisunga mapulogalamu awo onse abizinesi kuti azitha kugwira ntchito.
Chifukwa pafupifupi bungwe lililonse tsopano limadalira kwambiri machitidwe olimba a IT, oyang'anira makompyuta aluso akufunika kwambiri kuti azisamalira ndikuwongolera maukonde apakompyuta.
Sysadmins ndi ngwazi zamasiku ano zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bizinesi ipite patsogolo. Choncho, uwu si ntchito ya ofooka mtima.
Mu positi iyi, tikambirana mozama za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, komanso maluso ofunikira kuti munthu akhale woyang'anira bwino.
Tiyeni tiyambe.
Kodi System Administrator ndi chiyani?
Woyang'anira dongosolo (sysadmin) ndi katswiri wa IT yemwe amayang'anira makompyuta a anthu ambiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito za IT ndi makina othandizira zikuyenda bwino kwambiri.
Ma Sysadmins ali ndi udindo wosunga makompyuta, maseva, ndi intaneti zamakampani awo nthawi zonse kuti apewe kusokoneza bizinesi. Kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza dongosolo, monga kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza zolakwika za hardware ndi mapulogalamu, komanso kusanthula matekinoloje atsopano amakampani awo, zonse ndi gawo la njirayi.
Oyang'anira makina nthawi zambiri amayang'anira kukhazikitsa, kukonza, kukonza, ndi kukonza ma seva, ma network, ndi makina ena apakompyuta.
Amagwirizana ndi ma hardware ndi mapulogalamu, kuphunzira mapulogalamu pang'ono ndi zolemba kuti agwire ntchito ndi zochitika pa mapulogalamu awo ndi zomangamanga.
Kwa zaka zambiri, ma SysAdmins agwira ntchito kumbuyo kwambiri kuti atsimikizire kupezeka ndi nthawi yantchito zanu zofunika kwambiri za IT.
Ndipo, ngakhale kukula kwa DevOps ndi cloud computing kwachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi hybrid SysAdmin/Developer skillset, ntchito zofunika za woyang'anira dongosolo zikhale zofunika nthawi zonse.
Oyang'anira machitidwe amasiku ano ali ndi luso pa hardware ndi mapulogalamu onse, kumanga zolimba, zomangamanga zotetezeka kuonetsetsa kuti bizinesi ikuyenda bwino.
M'malo a DevOps, opanga mapulogalamu akuchulukirachulukira ngati SysAdmins, ndipo SysAdmins akufanana kwambiri ndi omwe akupanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mgwirizano ukhale wabwino komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mayankho m'magulu onse.
Maudindo a System Administrator
Monga SysAdmin, mumayang'anira zonse tech ndi IT stack. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumayang'anira dongosolo lomwe limayang'anira gulu lanu lonse likugwira ntchito mdera la IT. Sekondi iliyonse tsamba lanu kapena seva yanu ilibe intaneti imakuwonongerani ndalama malinga ndi zokolola zomwe zaphonya, ndalama, komanso kutsika mtengo.
Choyamba, ma SysAdmins ayenera kukhala othetsa mavuto. Kukhala woyang'anira makina odziwa bwino kumatanthauza kuti mudzatha kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano ndikukhala ndi mayankho amphamvu ndi gulu lanu lachitukuko, lomwe lili ndi makina ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito, zoikamo pamanetiweki, ndi nkhawa zachitetezo zomwe muyenera kuthana nazo.
Komabe, kuti mukhale ndi luso komanso matekinoloje omwe muyenera kudziwa, tiyeni tiwone zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa SysAdmin.
1. Ulamuliro ndi Zilolezo Zogwiritsa Ntchito
Chilolezo cha ogwiritsa ntchito ndi kasamalidwe kazinthu zonse ndi ntchito zimayendetsedwa ndi oyang'anira dongosolo. SysAdmins imatha kugawira ntchito za ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa IT pabizinesi, kuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense ali ndi mwayi wopeza mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zomwe akufuna.
2. Kuchenjeza & Kuwunika
Kutengera momwe mumagwirira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwaukadaulo, woyang'anira makina ali ndi udindo woyang'anira ndi kuchenjeza mapulogalamu anu onse ndi zomangamanga. Poyang'anira ma seva ofunikira ndi ma metric a netiweki monga CPU, kugwiritsa ntchito disc, DNS, latency, ndi ETL, ma sysadmins amatha kuzindikira chochitika.
Atha kukhazikitsa zidziwitso potengera njira zowunikira kuti alandire machenjezo pakuitana pakakhala zovuta zazikulu. SysAdmins ayenera kusanthula thanzi la machitidwe awo pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zakunja ndi zamkati ndi zizindikiro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zomangamanga zowonekera bwino.
3. Kusunga, kusintha, ndi kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu
Ndiudindo wa SysAdmin kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi njira zoyika ndikukweza mapulogalamu. SysAdmin iyenera kuzindikira ndikuthetsa zovuta zilizonse zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha kukonzanso kwatsopano kapena kudalirana pakati pa machitidwe atsopano.
4. Kuwongolera ndi Kukonzekera kwa Mafayilo
SysAdmin nthawi zambiri imayika malamulo ndi machitidwe mozungulira momwe mafayilo amasankhidwira ndikugawidwa pakampani yonse kuti zitsimikizire kusasinthika kwa data ndi kulinganiza. Izi, monga ntchito zina zambiri za SysAdmin, zimaphatikizapo kuteteza chitetezo ku ziwopsezo zakunja komanso kupatsa ogwira ntchito moyenera, kupeza mwachangu deta.
5. SSO ndi Password Administration
SysAdmin imayang'anira kasamalidwe ka mawu achinsinsi komanso ndondomeko ndi njira za SSO mu bungwe lonse. Atha kusintha mawu achinsinsi ndikutsimikizira kuti njira zonse zachitetezo zakwaniritsidwa.
Ngati SSO ndi/kapena kutsimikizika kwazinthu ziwiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, woyang'anira dongosolo ali ndi udindo woyang'anira matekinolojewa ndikuthandizira ogwira ntchito kuti athe kupeza njira zomwe amafunikira akafuna.
6. Ndondomeko ndi Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Dongosolo
Woyang'anira dongosolo adzafunika kupanga njira zabwino zothanirana ndi machitidwe a bungwe pamlingo wapamwamba. Izi zikuphatikiza chilichonse kuyambira pulogalamu yanu yaumwini kupita ku mapulogalamu ndi mautumiki ena amtundu wina wa IT.
SysAdmins ikhoza kusintha kwambiri momwe ntchito imagwirira ntchito mkati mwa kampani pophunzitsa anthu momwe angagwiritsire ntchito machitidwe motetezeka komanso mogwira mtima.
7. Chitetezo
Ziyenera kukhala pamwamba pa malingaliro a woyang'anira dongosolo nthawi iliyonse yomwe akugwira ntchito. Kaya ndi ufulu wa ogwiritsa ntchito kapena momwe gulu limagwirira ntchito zolembedwa, SysAdmins iyenera kukwaniritsa ntchito zonse mosamala. SysAdmin imvetsetsa momwe angakhazikitsire ma network, mfundo, ndi ma seva motetezeka komanso otetezeka.
8. Kusintha Ma Runbooks ndi Kusunga Zolemba Zaposachedwa
SysAdmins nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi udindo wokonzanso ma runbook ndikuwongolera zolemba. Izi zitha kukhala zovuta m'malo a mapaipi a CI / CD. Oyang'anira makina ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito makina kuti asunge ma runbook ndi zolemba zatsopano ndikuwongolera popanda kuchedwetsa chitukuko.
9. Kuzindikira, Kuyankha, ndi Kukonzanso Zochitika
Oyang'anira makina sangangosakaniza ndi kufananiza malo awo a IT ndi chitetezo. Ayenera kuipanga m'njira yoti iwonekere komanso yachangu. Kodi mungakhazikitse bwanji dongosolo lomwe limalola kuzindikira zinthu mwachangu, kuchitapo kanthu, ndi kukonza vuto pakakhala vuto? Ndi mulingo wanji wowunikira ndi kuchenjeza womwe ukufunika? Kuti apindule kwambiri ndi iwo kukonza zochitika njira, SysAdmins ayenera kudziwa mafunso onsewa.
10. Kuthetsa mavuto ndi kukonzekera
Woyang'anira dongosolo waluso adzakhala wamkulu wothetsa mavuto omwe angaganizire njira zokonzekera zosayembekezereka. Magulu akupereka zomanga zapamwamba kwambiri m'zaka za CI/CD ndi DevOps, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ya SysAdmin ikhale yovuta kuposa kale.
Chifukwa chake, monga SysAdmin, kupeza mayankho othetsera zovuta m'moyo wotumizira ndikuchepetsanso ziwopsezo mu IT yanu ndi chitetezo chachitetezo nthawi zonse kumapangitsa ntchito yanu kukhala yosavuta.
System Administration Technologies & Skills
Kuti agwire bwino ntchito masiku ano, oyang'anira makina ayenera kumvetsetsa mapulogalamu, makina opangira zinthu, ndi makina apakompyuta. SysAdmins amachita zambiri kuposa kungoyambitsanso ma seva ndikuchotsa zida zosatha; amawonetsetsa kudalirika komanso nthawi yokwanira ya mapulogalamu anu onse ndi zomangamanga.
Zotsatira zake, tinkafuna kudutsa maluso ndi matekinoloje aposachedwa kwambiri omwe oyang'anira dongosolo ayenera kudziwa:
1. Mtambo
As AWS, Azurendipo Mtengo wa GCP zatengedwa, oyang'anira machitidwe padziko lonse lapansi ayenera kuphunzira momwe angagwirizanitse machitidwe mumtambo. Ndi zida ziti zabwino zowunikira ndi kuchenjeza zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito? Tsopano popeza maziko anu ali pamtambo, muyenera kuyang'anira bwanji ma seva anu ndi ma network?
SysAdmins amakumana ndi mafunso ngati awa pafupipafupi, kuphatikiza kubwezeredwa ndi chitetezo mu dongosolo lonse. Komabe, pafupifupi ntchito iliyonse ndi ntchito zimasamukira kumtambo, ikukhala imodzi mwamaluso ofunikira kwambiri kwa SysAdmins padziko lonse lapansi.
2. Giti
The version control system Giti ndi otchuka kwambiri. Njira yolondolera kusintha kwa ma code ndi mitundu ingapo ya pulogalamu kapena ntchito imatchedwa control version. SysAdmins imatha kubwezanso kutumiza kapena kukweza mwachangu ngati pali vuto ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa ntchito.
Pakupanga mapaipi odalirika a CI/CD ndikuwonetsa kuwonekera m'madipatimenti onse a engineering ndi IT, kuwongolera mtundu ndikofunikira. Kuti muwone mwachangu zomwe opanga akuchita, kuwona zolakwika, ndikuzikonza zisanakhudze makasitomala, SysAdmins iyenera kumvetsetsa kuwongolera kwazomwe.
3. Zodzipangira nokha ndi kasamalidwe kasinthidwe
Kuti muchite bwino ngati SysAdmin, muyenera kudziwa zida monga Chidole, Chef, Ansible, ndi Jenkins. Ukadaulo uwu umathandizira oyang'anira makina kuti azisintha magwiridwe antchito ndi masinthidwe osiyanasiyana munthawi yonse yotulutsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zochepa komanso kutumizidwa mwachangu.
Zotsatira zake, m'malo mokonzanso mapulojekiti omwe akubwera kapena kuthana ndi kukwera kwa chithandizo, okonza amatha kuyang'ana kwambiri kupanga mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zatsopano.
4. Sungani seva ndi maukonde
SysAdmins, monga tanenera kale, ayenera kudziwa ins and outs of server and network management. Makompyuta ndi ma network awa ndiye maziko a kampani yanu, kuchirikiza ndikupereka phindu kwa ogula.
Chifukwa chake, oyang'anira madongosolo amayenera kuwongolera machitidwe nthawi zonse kuti asunge machitidwe odalirika, kuchepetsa kuzima, komanso kuwongolera kuyankha kwazochitika chochitika chikachitika.
5.SQL
Chilankhulo chodziwika kwambiri cha kasamalidwe ka database ndi chilankhulo chokhazikika (SQL), chomwe ndi luso lofunikira kuti woyang'anira machitidwe akhale nalo.
Kumvetsetsa SQL kumathandizira woyang'anira machitidwe kuti azitha kuyang'anira nkhokwe zamakampani komanso kupereka kapena kupereka thandizo kwa ogwira ntchito omwe amavutika kupeza database.
6. Kupanga mapulogalamu ndi kulemba
Woyang'anira makina amayenera kukhala odziwa bwino za mapulogalamu apakompyuta ndi zilankhulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanetiweki akampani. Mavuto akabuka pa netiweki, woyang'anira makina amatha kugwiritsa ntchito scripting ndi coding kuti athetse vuto lalikulu. Woyang'anira kachitidwe amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito luso lazolembera kuti apange zolemba zomwe zimasintha machitidwe ndikupangitsa kuti ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku ziziyenda bwino.
7. Kulankhulana
Muyenera kulankhula momveka bwino ndi anthu ngati woyang'anira machitidwe. Ndikofunikira kuti mulankhule ndi membala wa timu yanu yaukadaulo kapena wogwira ntchito ku dipatimenti ina yemwe akukumana ndi zovuta zolumikizana ndi netiweki m'njira yomwe angamvetsetse.
Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pofotokozera zaukadaulo kwa wogwira ntchito yemwe sadziwa zambiri zaukadaulo wamakono. Ndikofunikiranso kukhala ndi luso loyankhulana komanso lolemba kuti mupereke chitsogozo ndi lipoti kwa ogwira nawo ntchito.
8. Kupanga zisankho
Kwa mabizinesi ambiri, makina ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi ofunika kwambiri pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo kuzimitsidwa kwa maukonde kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Akakumana ndi vuto lomwe limasintha magwiridwe antchito a netiweki pamalo opanikizika kwambiri, woyang'anira kachitidwe ayenera kupenda momwe zinthu zilili, kupeza njira zothetsera mavuto, ndikusankha yomwe imapereka zotsatira zabwino pabizinesiyo.
9. Mavuto
Ikudutsa pazifukwa zonse zomwe zingayambitse vuto kuti ipeze cholakwikacho. Pothetsa mavuto, woyang'anira kachitidwe amayesa mayeso oyambira kuti awonetsetse kuti ma netiweki akugwira ntchito bwino, ndipo zolephera zilizonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse vuto lalikulu.
Kuthetsa mavuto mwaukadaulo, kumvetsetsa mozama dongosolo ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika, komanso kuganiza mozama kuyesa mayeso atsopano kapena mayankho onse ndi kuthekera kothandizira kuthetsa mavuto.
Kodi Ziphaso Ndi Zofunikira Kwa Oyang'anira System?
Chitsimikizo chingathandize oyang'anira machitidwe amtsogolo kuwonjezera malonda awo. Ziphaso ndizosasankha, ziphaso za chipani chachitatu zopezedwa kunja kwa dipuloma yaku koleji kuwonetsa luso la munthu. Kupeza ziphaso zazinthu zomwe kampani yawo imagwiritsa ntchito ndizopindulitsa kwa oyang'anira machitidwe.
Microsoft, Cisco, Oracle, Linux, ndi VMware, mwachitsanzo, amapereka ziphaso. CompTIA, bungwe lodziwika bwino lachifundo lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 1982, latsimikizira akatswiri a IT opitilira 2.2 miliyoni omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso monga Server+ ndi Network+. Kuyesa kwa maola 2.5 kumawononga $400 kuti akhale Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA).
Oyang'anira ma projekiti ena amasankha kukhala ovomerezeka ndi Project Management Institute (PMI). Pambuyo pochita mayeso a mphindi 130, Amazon Web Services ikupereka mphoto kwa Certified SysOps Administrator.
Google Cloud Professional Network Engineer akhozanso kukhala woyang'anira machitidwe.
Kutsiliza
Mubizinesi ya IT, SysAdmin ndi malo ofunikira komanso ofunikira. Ngati mukuyesera kulowa mumakampani a IT, malo a SysAdmin ndi malo abwino kuyamba ndi malipiro abwino kwambiri.
Monga SysAdmin, mudzakhala mukuthetsa mavuto mosalekeza ndikuthetsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimatuluka, kotero mudzapeza kuti mukupeza maluso atsopano ndi matekinoloje pa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
Mukulitsa ukadaulo ndi chidziwitso pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi madipatimenti ena omwe ali pamalo a DevOps.
Siyani Mumakonda