M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Ngakhale kuti ophwanya malamulo ambiri a pa Intaneti ali odziwa kuchita zinthu mwanzeru, izi sizikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse amakhala akatswiri aluso pakupanga zinthu; zigawenga zina za pa intaneti zimakonda mchitidwe wopusitsa anthu.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, amavomereza uinjiniya wa chikhalidwe cha anthu, womwe ndi mchitidwe woyambitsa ma cyberattack potengera zolakwika zomwe anthu amakumana nazo.
Pankhani yowongoka ya uinjiniya wa anthu, izi zitha kuchitika ngati wachigawenga wapaintaneti atengera katswiri wa IT ndikufunsa zambiri zolowera kuti akonze dzenje lachitetezo pakompyuta yanu.
Mukapereka chidziwitsocho, mwangopatsa munthu woyipa mwayi wolowa muakaunti yanu popanda kudandaula kuti apeza imelo kapena kompyuta yanu.
Pagulu lililonse lachitetezo, nthawi zambiri ndife ofooka kwambiri chifukwa timakhala m'chinyengo zosiyanasiyana. Ukadaulo wa uinjiniya wa chikhalidwe cha anthu umakulitsa chiwopsezo ichi mwa anthu kunyengerera ozunzidwa kuti aulule zinsinsi.
Ukatswiri wa chikhalidwe cha anthu umasintha nthawi zonse, monganso ziwopsezo zambiri za pa intaneti.
M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana momwe chikhalidwe cha anthu chilili pano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ziwonetsero zomwe muyenera kuyang'anira, ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana.
Tiyeni tiyambe mawu oyamba a social engineering.
Kodi Social Engineering ndi chiyani?
Social engineering in computing imatanthawuza njira zomwe zigawenga za pa intaneti zimagwiritsa ntchito pofuna kunyengerera ozunzidwa kuti achite zinthu zokayikitsa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kuphwanya chitetezo, kutumiza ndalama, kapena kuulula zambiri zamunthu.
Zochita izi nthawi zambiri zimatsutsana ndi malingaliro athu ndipo zimatsutsana ndi malingaliro athu abwino.
Komabe, achinyengo angatisonkhezere kusiya kuganiza moyenerera ndi kuyamba kuchita zinthu mwachibadwa popanda kuganizira zimene tikuchitadi mwa kusokoneza maganizo athu—abwino ndi oipa—monga mkwiyo, mantha, ndi chikondi.
Mwachidule, uinjiniya wamagulu ndi momwe obera amasokoneza ubongo wathu, monga momwe amachitira ndi pulogalamu yaumbanda ndi ma virus kuti asokoneze makina athu.
Zigawenga nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito uinjiniya wa anthu chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kudyera masuku pamutu anthu kusiyana ndi kuzindikira kufooka kwa netiweki kapena mapulogalamu.
Chifukwa zigawenga ndi omwe akuzunzidwa samayenera kuyanjana pamasom'pamaso, uinjiniya wamagulu nthawi zonse ndi gawo lachinyengo chokulirapo.
Kufikitsa ozunzidwa ku: ndicho cholinga chachikulu:
- Mapulogalamu oyipa pa smartphone yawo.
- Lekani dzina lanu lolowera ndi mawu achinsinsi.
- Perekani chilolezo pa pulogalamu yowonjezera yoyipa, yowonjezera, kapena pulogalamu yapagulu.
- Tumizani ndalama kudzera mu oda ya ndalama, kutumiza ndalama pakompyuta, kapena makadi amphatso.
- Sewerani ngati bulu wandalama kuti mutumize ndi kubera ndalama zosaloledwa.
Njira zopangira ma social engineering zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zigawenga chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi chanu chodalira ena kuposa kudziwa momwe mungabere pulogalamu yanu.
Mwachitsanzo, pokhapokha mawu achinsinsi ali ofooka kwenikweni, ndikosavuta kunyenga kuti wina akuuze mawu ake achinsinsi kuposa kuyesa kuwabera.
Kodi social engineering imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Akatswiri azachitukuko amachita ma cyberattack pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo. Ziwopsezo zambiri zaumisiri wamagulu zimayamba pomwe wowukirayo amafufuza ndikufufuza wozunzidwayo.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati cholinga chake ndi bizinesi, wobera amatha kudziwa momwe kampaniyo imagwirira ntchito, njira zamkati, zolemba zamakampani, mabizinesi omwe angakhale nawo, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuyang'ana zochita ndi zizolowezi za ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi mwayi wocheperako koma woyambira, monga mlonda kapena wolandirira alendo, ndi njira imodzi yomwe akatswiri amagwirira ntchito.
Owukira akhoza kufufuza chikhalidwe TV amawerengera zambiri zaumwini ndikuwona machitidwe awo pa intaneti komanso pamaso.
Katswiri wazachitukuko atha kugwiritsanso ntchito umboni womwe wasonkhanitsidwa kuti akonzekere kumenyedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zolakwika zomwe zidapezeka panthawi yowunikiranso.
Ngati chiwopsezo chikachitika, wowukirayo atha kupeza njira zotetezedwa kapena maukonde, ndalama kuchokera pazolinga, kapena kupeza zidziwitso zachinsinsi monga manambala a Social Security, zambiri zama kirediti kadi, kapena zambiri zakubanki.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino yaukadaulo wama social engineering
Kuphunzira za njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachikhalidwe cha anthu ndi imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zodzitetezera ku chiwonongeko cha chikhalidwe cha anthu.
Masiku ano, kukonza chikhalidwe cha anthu kumachitika pa intaneti, kuphatikiza pazachiwembu, pamene achiwembu amadziwiratu kuti ndi munthu wodalirika kapena munthu waudindo wapamwamba kuti anyenge anthu kuti aulule zinsinsi zake.
Nazi zina zomwe zafala kwambiri pakuwukira zama engineering:
yofuna
Phishing ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi anthu momwe mauthenga amabisika kuti awoneke ngati akuchokera ku gwero lodalirika.
Mauthengawa, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala maimelo, cholinga chake ndi kunyengerera ozunzidwa kuti aulule zambiri zaumwini kapena zachuma.
Kupatula apo, chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kukayikira ngati imelo yochokera kwa mnzathu, wachibale, kapena kampani yomwe tikudziwa ndi yovomerezeka? Onyenga amapezerapo mwayi pa chidalirochi.
Kusodza
Vishing ndi mtundu wovuta wa nkhanza zachinyengo. Amadziwikanso kuti "voice phishing." Paziwopsezozi, nambala yafoni nthawi zambiri imanamiziridwa kuti iwoneke ngati yowona - owukira amatha kukhala ngati ogwira ntchito pa IT, ogwira nawo ntchito, kapena mabanki.
Ena owukira atha kugwiritsa ntchito osintha mawu kuti asawazindikire kwambiri.
Mkondo wopeka
Makampani akuluakulu kapena anthu enaake ndi omwe amamenyedwa ndi spear phishing, mtundu wankhanza waukadaulo. Zolinga za ziwembu zachinyengo ndi anthu amphamvu kapena timagulu ting'onoting'ono, monga atsogoleri amalonda ndi anthu otchuka.
Kuukira kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumafufuzidwa bwino ndipo kumabisika mwachinyengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuziwona.
Kusuta
Smishing ndi mtundu wachinyengo womwe umagwiritsa ntchito mameseji (SMS) ngati njira yolumikizirana. Popereka ma URL oyipa kuti mudina kapena manambala a foni kuti mulumikizane, ziwawazi nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kwa omwe akuzunzidwa.
Ozunzidwawo nthawi zambiri amauzidwa kuti apereke zinsinsi zachinsinsi zomwe oukirawo angagwiritse ntchito polimbana nawo.
Pofuna kunyengerera ozunzidwawo kuti achitepo kanthu mwachangu ndi kumenyedwa, kumenyedwa koopsa nthawi zambiri kumapereka chidziwitso chachangu.
Zowonera
Kugwiritsa ntchito uinjiniya wamagulu kuopseza anthu kuti akhazikitse mapulogalamu abodza kapena kulowa mawebusayiti omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a pulogalamu yaumbanda amadziwika kuti scareware.
Scareware nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati mawindo a pop-up omwe amapereka kukuthandizani kuthetsa matenda omwe amanenedwa kuti ali pakompyuta pa laputopu yanu. Podina zowonekera, mutha kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yaumbanda mosadziwa kapena kutumizidwa patsamba lowopsa.
Gwiritsani ntchito pulogalamu yodalirika yochotsera ma virus kuti musanthule kompyuta yanu nthawi zambiri ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zowopseza kapena zowonekera zina. Ndikofunikira kuti ukhondo wapa digito uziwunika nthawi ndi nthawi chipangizo chanu kuti chiwone zoopsa.
Zitha kukuthandizaninso kuteteza zambiri zanu popewa kuzunzidwa m'tsogolomu.
Kunyumba
Zowukira zama engineering zitha kuyambanso osalumikizidwa pa intaneti; sizimayambitsidwa pa intaneti.
Kuyimba ndi mchitidwe wa wowukira akusiya chinthu chomwe chili ndi pulogalamu yaumbanda, monga USB drive, kwinakwake komwe chingadziwike. Zidazi nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa chizindikiro dala kuti zidzutse chidwi.
Wogwiritsa ntchito amene amatenga chidacho ndikuchiyika pakompyuta yake chifukwa cha chidwi kapena umbombo, amatha kuyika makinawo kachilombo mosadziwa.
Kuphulika
Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyeserera molimba mtima zachinyengo, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa, ndi whaling. Cholinga cha mtundu woterewu wa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi munthu m'modzi, wamtengo wapatali.
Mawu oti "Chinyengo cha CEO" nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza za namgumi, zomwe zimakupatsani chidziwitso cha zomwe mukufuna.
Chifukwa amalankhula momveka bwino ngati kalankhulidwe ka bizinesi ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chamakampani kuti apindule nawo, kuwukira kwa anamgumi kumakhala kovuta kuwona kuposa kuwukira kwina.
Kutumizirana mameseji
Kunyengerera ndiko kupanga zinazake zabodza, kapena kuti “chonamizira,” chimene akatswiri achinyengo amachigwiritsira ntchito kuti anyenge anthu amene akuwachitira.
Ziwawa zongoyerekeza, zomwe zitha kuchitika popanda intaneti kapena pa intaneti, ndi zina mwa njira zopambana kwambiri zaumisiri chifukwa owukira amachita khama kwambiri kuti awoneke ngati odalirika.
Chenjerani poulula zachinsinsi kwa anthu osawadziwa chifukwa zingakhale zovuta kuzindikira zabodza.
Kuti mupewe kuyesa luso la uinjiniya, lumikizanani ndi kampaniyo mwachindunji ngati wina wakuimbirani foni zakufunika kofunikira.
Msampha wa uchi
Msampha wa uchi ndi mtundu wa njira yopangira chikhalidwe cha anthu momwe wachiwembu amanyengerera wogwiriridwayo kuti agone naye mwangozi.
Wowukirayo amapezerapo mwayi pazochitikazo kuti achite chipongwe kapena kuchita zachiwerewere. Potumiza maimelo a sipamu akunamizira kuti "amakuwonani pa kamera yanu" kapena china chake chonyansa, akatswiri odziwa zamagulu nthawi zambiri amatchera misampha ya uchi.
Mukalandira uthenga ngati uwu, onetsetsani kuti webcam yanu yatetezedwa.
Kenako, ingokhalani osayankhidwa ndikupewa kuyankha, chifukwa maimelowa sali kanthu koma sipamu.
Quid ovomereza Quo
Chilatini chimatanthauza “kanthu kena kake,” m’chitsanzo chimenechi likunena za wozunzidwayo akulandira mphotho chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwawo.
Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri ndi pamene obera amakhala ngati othandizira a IT. Adzaimbira foni antchito ambiri momwe angathere pakampani ndikunena kuti ali ndi yankho losavuta, ndikuwonjezera kuti "muyenera kungoyimitsa AV yanu."
Aliyense amene amagonja ali ndi ransomware kapena ma virus ena omwe adayikidwa pa kompyuta yawo.
Kukhazikika
Kumanga mchira, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti piggybacking, kumachitika pamene wobera atsata munthu pogwiritsa ntchito khadi lolowera m'nyumba yotetezedwa.
Kuti tithe kulimbana ndi vutoli, zimaganiziridwa kuti munthu amene wapatsidwa chilolezo cholowa m’nyumbayo angakhale woganizira ena kuti atseke chitseko cha munthu amene akubwera kumbuyo kwawo.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuukira kwa Social Engineering?
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezerazi, inu ndi antchito anu mudzakhala ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopewa kuzunzidwa ndi anthu.
Phunzitsani antchito
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kulephera kwa ogwira ntchito pakuwukiridwa ndi anthu ndi umbuli. Kuti aphunzitse anthu momwe angayankhire ngati akuphwanya malamulo, mabungwe ayenera kupereka maphunziro odziwitsa anthu zachitetezo.
Mwachitsanzo, chochita ngati wina ayesa kutsata wantchito kuntchito kapena afunsa zambiri zachinsinsi.
Zina mwazowopsa zapaintaneti zafotokozedwa pamndandanda womwe uli pansipa:
- Kuthamanga kwa DDoS
- Kuwombera
- Kuukira kwa Clickjacking
- Kuwomboledwa kwa dipo
- Kuukira kwaumbanda
- Momwe mungayankhire pokokera mchira
Onani Kukaniza kwa Attack
Chitani zachiwawa zoyendetsedwa ndi anthu pakampani yanu kuti muyese. Tumizani maimelo abodza, ndipo dzudzulani modekha antchito omwe amatsegula zomata, dinani maulalo oyipa, kapena kuchitapo kanthu.
M'malo mowonedwa ngati kulephera kwachitetezo cha pa intaneti, zochitika izi ziyenera kuwonedwa ngati zophunzitsa kwambiri.
Chitetezo cha Ntchito
OPSEC ndi njira yowonera machitidwe ochezeka omwe angakhale opindulitsa kwa omwe akuukira mtsogolo. OPSEC ikhoza kuwulula deta yodziwika bwino kapena yofunika ngati ikonzedwa moyenera ndikuyika m'magulu ndi zina.
Mutha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwazomwe akatswiri azachuma angapeze pogwiritsa ntchito njira za OPSEC.
Pezani Kutayikira kwa Data
Kudziwa ngati zitsimikiziro zavumbulutsidwa chifukwa cha kuyesa kwachinyengo kungakhale kovuta.
Kampani yanu imayenera kufunafuna nthawi zonse zowonetsedwa ndi zidziwitso zotsikiridwa chifukwa achiwembu ena atha kutenga miyezi kapena zaka kuti awononge mbiri yomwe amapeza.
Gwiritsani ntchito kutsimikizira kwazinthu zambiri
Tsatirani njira yotsimikizira zinthu zambiri zomwe zimafuna kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azikhala ndi chizindikiro, adziwe mawu achinsinsi, komanso kukhala ndi ma biometric awo kuti athe kupeza zofunikira.
Kukhazikitsa dongosolo lachitatu lowongolera zoopsa
Musanabweretse mavenda atsopano kapena kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa omwe alipo, pangani dongosolo loyang'anira zoopsa za anthu ena, ndondomeko yoyendetsera mavenda, ndikuchita chiopsezo cha cybersecurity kuwunika.
Makamaka data yomwe yabedwa itagulitsidwa pa intaneti yakuda, ndikosavuta kupewa kuphwanya deta kuposa kuyeretsa.
Pezani mapulogalamu omwe amatha kuyendetsa okha chiwopsezo cha ogulitsa ndikutsata pafupipafupi, kusanja, ndikuwunika cybersecurity ya ogulitsa anu.
Sinthani makonda anu a imelo sipamu.
Kusintha makonda anu a imelo ndi imodzi mwa njira zosavuta zodzitetezera ku zoyeserera zamaukadaulo. Mutha kusintha zosefera zanu za sipamu kuti maimelo achinyengo aukadaulo asalowe mubokosi lanu.
Mutha kuwonjezeranso mwachindunji ma adilesi a imelo a anthu ndi mabungwe omwe mumawadziwa kuti ndi enieni pamindandanda yanu yolumikizirana pakompyuta - aliyense amene amadzinamizira kuti ndi iwo koma kugwiritsa ntchito adilesi ina m'tsogolomu ndiye kuti akhoza kukhala katswiri wazachitukuko.
Kutsiliza
Pomaliza, uinjiniya wa anthu ndi njira yosavuta yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchita zachinyengo, zachinyengo, kapena milandu ina. Zitha kuchitika kwa aliyense payekha, pafoni, kapena pa intaneti.
Akatswiri azachikhalidwe cha anthu safunikira kukhala akatswiri kwambiri; amangofunika kukunyengererani kuti muwauze zachinsinsi.
Ndi chinyengo chomwe chingakhale chowopsa chifukwa tonse tili pachiwopsezo. Malo ochezera a pa Intaneti athandizanso akatswiri okonza za chikhalidwe cha anthu kukhala aluso kwambiri powachititsa kupanga maakaunti abodza omwe savuta kulakwitsa kukhala enieni kapena kukhala ngati anthu enieni.
Samalani nthawi zonse mukamawona mbiri yachilendo kapena yosadziwika bwino pazama TV.
Siyani Mumakonda