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Cholinga cha nthawi yayitali cha Neuralink ndikupanga mawonekedwe a ubongo ogwira ntchito kwa anthu.
Njira zolumikizirana zaubongozi zikuyembekeza kupindulitsa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opuwala ndi mitundu ina ya minyewa.
Msewu wopita kunjira zotsogola zotere umafunikira kuyesa ndi zolakwika zambiri zisanapezeke pamsika.
Zomwe zimatchedwa "Link" ziyenera kudutsa mayesero osiyanasiyana a nyama kuti zitsimikizire kuti njirayi ndi yotetezeka kwa anthu.
M'nkhaniyi, tiwona zoopsa zomwe zingachitike poyesa Neuralink ndikuwona momwe Neuralink ikuchitira bwino pamayesero ake a nyama.
Zowopsa za Neuralink
Neurotechnology ndi yowopsa. Ichi ndi chifukwa Neuralink kuyesa kwa nyama ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri popanga mawonekedwe oyenera komanso otetezeka muubongo.
Nazi zina zomwe zimabwera ndi kupanga teknoloji yotere ndi momwe Neuralink ikufuna kuthetsa.
Anesthesia
Odwala omwe amachitidwa maopaleshoni aatali amakhala pachiwopsezo cha zovuta zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha opaleshoni yayikulu. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti anesthesia yakuya ikhoza kukhala nayo zotsatira zokhalitsa pa wodwala.
Neuralink ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito loboti yawo ya neurosurgical kuti alowe mwachangu komanso modalirika ma electrode muubongo.
Malinga ndi tsamba lawo la webusayiti, maopaleshoni a roboti ofulumirawa atha kuwalola “kuchotsa mankhwala ogonetsa anthu wamba komanso kuika chipangizocho pansi pokomoka.”
Kusuta
Kukhazikitsa Neuralink kudzakhala ndi chiopsezo chotaya magazi mkati. Neuralink ayesa kuchepetsa nkhaniyi pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa micron-scale. Loboti yopangira opaleshoni iyenera kuyika ulusiwo motere kuti zisawononge mitsempha yamagazi pamtunda kapena pafupi ndi ubongo.
Izi mwachibadwa zidzafuna kulondola kwambiri, koma Neuralink amati mabowo omwe aikidwa mu chigaza adzakhala 23 microns m'mimba mwake. Poyerekeza, tsitsi laumunthu limakhala laling'ono la ma microns 70 m'mimba mwake.
Neuralink Animal Testing
Chiwonetsero cha Nkhumba Zitatu
Mu Ogasiti 2020, Elon Musk adawulula momwe akuyendera poyesa mawonekedwe awo amakina aubongo pa nyama zamoyo.
mu Livestream, Musk adawonetsa "demo lake la nkhumba zitatu" pomwe adawulula kuti kampaniyo idapanga bwino nkhumba zitatu ndi implants ziwiri aliyense.
Chip chapakompyuta chandalama chimatha kujambula ma spikes mu zochitika za neural pamene nkhumba zinali kudya kapena kununkhiza mozungulira chiwonetserocho.
Ma elekitirodi enieniwo anali kutsata mbali ya ubongo yawo yomwe imatumiza zizindikiro kuchokera kumphuno ya nkhumba.
Ulalo utha kusuntha mayendedwe 1,024 azomwe angathe kuchita popanda zingwe munthawi yeniyeni.
Neuralink imanena kuti chiwonetserochi chinali umboni wa lingaliro lomwe limatsimikizira chitetezo cha Link.
Koma kuti apititse patsogolo teknoloji, Neuralink anayenera kupeza nyama yomwe inali ndi ubongo wofanana kwambiri ndi munthu.
Monkey Mind Pong
Miyezi isanu ndi itatu pambuyo pa chiwonetsero cha nkhumba, Neuralink adatulutsa chatsopano kanema zomwe zikuwonetsa nyani akusewera masewera a Pong ndi malingaliro ake.
Nyani wa macaque, wotchedwa Pager, amatha kusuntha cholozera pakompyuta popanda zingwe pogwiritsa ntchito neural.
Neuralink anaika Link mu motor cortex. Izi zikuphatikizapo gawo la ubongo lomwe limagwira ntchito m'manja ndi manja.
Ma milliseconds aliwonse 25, Link imatumiza zochitika zaubongo ku kompyuta yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yosinthira makonda.
Kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma spikes apano ndi aposachedwa kumawongolera kayendedwe ka cholozera pakompyuta.
Mitundu yowala kwambiri imawonetsa kuwombera kwakukulu. Mayendedwe okwera amakhala amtundu wa buluu, pomwe omwe amapita pansi amakhala ofiira.
Nkhawa Zosamalira Zinyama
Kumayambiriro kwa February 2022, gulu lomenyera ufulu wa zinyama lidapereka a dandaulo kunena kuti anyani a Neuralink adakumana ndi "masautso owopsa" chifukwa cha zida zomwe zili muubongo wawo.
The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) akuti apeza masamba opitilira 700 a zikalata kuphatikiza zolemba zanyama ndi malipoti a necropsy.
Malingana ndi posachedwapa yankho ndi Neuralink, ali odzipereka kugwira ntchito ndi zinyama m'njira yaumunthu komanso yovomerezeka.
Maopaleshoni atsopano, monga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika Link, adayesedwa koyamba pamipando ya nyama. Pambuyo pake, njira zowonongeka zimalola ochita kafukufuku kuchita maopaleshoni mwaumunthu.
Malinga ndi Neuralink, ma veterinarians adapereka chilolezo choyenera kupha anyaniwa. Ambiri mwa milanduyi anali kale ndi zinthu zomwe zinalipo kale zosagwirizana ndi kafukufuku wawo.
Njira zoyambira izi zidalola Neuralink kupanga ma protocol otetezeka a maopaleshoni amtsogolo.
Izi zinalola anyani amtsogolo, monga Pager, kuti akhazikitsidwe mosamala ndi chipangizo cha Neuralink popanda zovuta.
Pakalipano, Neuralink ili ndi 6,000 sq ft. vivarium yomwe imakhala ndi zinyama zambiri zaulimi ndi rhesus macaques. Amagwiritsa ntchito gulu lodzipatulira la akatswiri odziwa zanyama, akatswiri, ndi akatswiri osamalira nyama kuti athandize nyama kukhala yathanzi komanso yomasuka.
Kutsiliza
Kuyeza kwa zinyama ndizochitika zosapeŵeka zomwe zimabwera ndi kufufuza njira iliyonse yatsopano yachipatala. Gawo la neurotechnology ndi gawo lomwe likukula kwambiri.
Kudakali kutali kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito motetezeka mwa anthu.
Ochita kafukufuku ayenera kupeza njira yopangira izi popanda kuphwanya mfundo zilizonse panjira.
Kodi mukuganiza kuti Elon Musk ndi Neuralink apambana?
Siyani Mumakonda