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Computational photography yog ib thaj chaw uas tau pom ntau qhov kev nce qib hauv xyoo tas los no.
Lub peev xwm rau dab tsi tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov duab tau loj hlob los ntawm kev ua cov duab zoo dua rau cov khoom siv lub koob yees duab sophisticated.
Tab sis peb puas tau mus txog qhov kawg?
Puas muaj lwm yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau thawb cov ciam teb ntawm qhov ua tau nrog cov duab?
Cia peb saib qee qhov kev txhim kho tshiab hauv kev suav duab thiab saib seb yav tom ntej yuav coj peb mus qhov twg.
Dab tsi yog Computational Photography Tiag?
Ua ntej peb nkag mus rau qhov ua tau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog kev yees duab hauv computer. Txhawm rau muab nws yooj yim, kev suav duab yog ib hom kev ua cov duab uas siv cov duab thiab ua rau nws txawv.
Muaj coob tus neeg xa mus rau qhov no raws li cov duab manipulation, tab sis qhov ntawd yog me ntsis kev nkag siab. Lub hom phiaj kawg yog tsis hloov daim duab tab sis theej thaij duab thiab ua ib yam dab tsi nrog nws.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov duab manipulation tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag. Ntau qhov kev yees duab suav tau ua tiav offline thiab tsuas yog siv rau cov duab kawg.
Nws yog ib lo lus dav dav, thiab nws tau siv los piav txog ntau yam sib txawv.
Piv txwv li, ntau tus neeg xav tias kev yees duab suav nrog txhua yam txog kev ua cov duab HDR. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis muaj tseeb kiag li.
Kev yees duab suav tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kev yees duab sib txawv. Nws yog siv rau tej yam xws li muaj tswv yim retouching, super- daws cov dluab, txhim kho lub teeb pom kev zoo, tsim qhov tob ntawm teb cov teebmeem, thiab ntau ntxiv.
Nws yog siv los ua ntau tshaj li ua cov duab zoo rau Instagram. NASA siv nws los nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus hauv cov duab thaij hauv qhov chaw.
Computational Photography Techniques
Lub Zog Loj
Qhov nce ntawm kev yees duab digital nyob rau hauv lub lig 90s thiab thaum ntxov 2000s coj mus rau tshiab cov txheej txheem ua duab. Ntau cov tswv yim no tau tsim los tso cai rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov duab.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, peb tau pom ntau thiab ntau ntawm cov tswv yim no siv rau cov teeb meem tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no yog daim ntawv thov kev suav duab rau cov teeb meem xws li lub koob yees duab co thiab lens aberrations. Ntau cov tswv yim tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm qhov tsis xav plooj ntawm ib qho duab, thiab kev suav duab tau ua qhov no rau ntau lub koob yees duab.
Deepfakes
Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov peb tau tuaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev suav duab. Lub sij hawm deepfake hais txog kev xyaum siv cov kev kawm sib sib zog nqus los tsim cov duab cuav uas zoo li lawv muaj tiag.
tus thawj deepfakes tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s, tab sis lub advent ntawm AI tau coj nyob rau hauv lub tsis ntev los no yoj ntawm muaj koob meej.
Qhov no tau muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj rau kev lag luam thev naus laus zis. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Washington Post pom tias, ntawm 1,000 tus neeg siv internet tshawb fawb, 40 feem pua tau raug cuam tshuam nrog kev dag cuav.
Qhov no suav nrog ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam, cov nom tswv, thiab cov neeg ntawm lawv tsev neeg. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kuj tau pom tias kev dag ntxias tau siv los tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv cuav thiab feem ntau siv los ua kev lom zem rau tib neeg.
Ob peb txoj kev sib txawv tuaj yeem tsim kev sib sib zog nqus fakes, tab sis cov txheej txheem paub zoo tshaj plaws yog hu ua GAN (generative adversarial network). Hom no kawm tob qauv yog siv los tsim cov duab cuav uas zoo li qhov tseeb.
Cov duab no feem ntau hu ua "xov xwm cuav."
Thaum lub sij hawm nws tus kheej tsis raug, qhov tseeb tias deepfakes tau siv los nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug yog qhov tsis lees paub. Cov duab yog convincing, thiab nws yog heev yooj yim mus ntes tau nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim hais tias lawv yog tiag tiag.
Qhov no yog vim li cas technology tau raug txwv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw.
Piv txwv li, deepfakes raug txwv hauv Australia ntawm social media platforms thiab hauv qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm. UK's Information Commissioner's Office kuj tau hais tias deepfakes tsis raug cai siv rau hauv ib qho haujlwm ntawm "kev lag luam lossis kev ua haujlwm."
Thaum deepfakes tam sim no tsis raug cai, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov thev naus laus zis tseem nyob hauv nws cov me nyuam mos. Qhov tseeb tias nws tseem tab tom txhim kho txhais tau hais tias tseem muaj ntau chav rau nws loj hlob.
Piv txwv li, Washington Post txoj kev tshawb fawb pom tias tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov neeg raug deepfakes twb paub lawm tias lawv yog cuav.
HDR
High dynamic range (HDR) kev yees duab yog cov txheej txheem uas tso cai rau kev ntes cov duab nrog ntau qhov sib txawv ntau dua li qhov ua tau nrog cov duab thaij duab.
HDR cov duab feem ntau yog ntes tau siv ntau qhov kev nthuav tawm, thiab cov txheej txheem tau nyob ib puag ncig ntev. Nws tsuas yog tsis ntev los no uas cov thev naus laus zis tau nce siab txaus los tso cai rau cov duab HDR raug ntes hauv ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj.
Ib qho kev paub zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv HDR kev yees duab yog astrophotography.
Astronomers ntes cov duab nrog ib qho raug. Cov duab sib xyaw ua ke los tsim cov duab sib xyaw nrog ntau qhov sib txawv dynamic ntau dua li ua tau nrog ib qho raug.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Computational Photography:
Muaj ntau cov txiaj ntsig rau kev siv cov duab thaij duab, thiab nws tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab lawv yog tias koj yuav siv cov cuab yeej hauv koj qhov kev yees duab. Nov yog qee qhov txiaj ntsig loj tshaj plaws:
Khwv Duab Zoo Dua
Ib qho txiaj ntsig loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev yees duab suav yog ua kom koj cov duab zoo dua. Muaj ntau cov txheej txheem sib txawv uas tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov duab zoo ntawm daim duab.
Cov no suav nrog cov txheej txheem xws li duab denoising, duab stabilization, thiab txo suab nrov.
Morpho tseem txhim kho kev suav yees duab thiab #AI software rau cov kws yees duab smartphone. #SnapdragonSummit pic.twitter.com/NhmwMfqT8a
- Txuj Ci (@Qualcomm) Hlis ntuj nqeg 2, 2020
Cov thev naus laus zis kuj tseem ua rau nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov duab zoo ntawm cov duab uas tau muab nrog cov koob yees duab qub.
Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau cov txheej txheem qub uas siv los ua kom cov duab zoo dua tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv cov koob yees duab tshiab.
Faster Image Capture
Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev suav duab yog tias nws siv cov duab nrawm dua li kev yees duab ib txwm muaj.
Kev thaij duab thaij duab tso cai rau ntau yam haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau thaij duab kom ua tiav hauv lub computer. Qhov no suav nrog tej yam xws li txo suab nrov, kho xim, thiab kho lub lens.
Kev daws teeb meem ntau ntxiv
Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev yees duab suav yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau nws tuaj yeem ntes cov duab nrog kev daws teeb meem siab dua li qhov ua tau nrog kev yees duab ib txwm muaj.
Cov thev naus laus zis tau ua raws li ntau cov ntsiab lus zoo ib yam li HDR kev yees duab, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov duab nrog ntau yam kev hloov pauv.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ntes cov duab nrog kev daws teeb meem siab dua li kev yees duab ib txwm muaj. Nws tuaj yeem ntes cov duab uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 4 npaug ntawm qhov loj npaum li lawv xav tau yog tias cov duab raug coj los nrog lub koob yees duab ib txwm muaj.
Dab tsi ntawm AI Computational Photography Siv?
AI-powered computational photography yog ib lub tshuab tshiab heev, thiab tsuas yog ob peb lub tuam txhab tam sim no muab cov kev pabcuam. Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm AI-powered xam kev yees duab.
SuperResolution (SR)
SuperResolution yog cov txheej txheem uas tso cai rau tsim cov duab daws teeb meem uas muaj ntau dua li cov duab qub. Nws siv AI los muab ntau cov duab daws teeb meem qis rau hauv ib qho, cov duab siab.
HDR
HDR cov duab feem ntau yog ntes tau siv ntau qhov kev nthuav tawm, thiab cov txheej txheem tau nyob ib puag ncig ntev. Nws tsuas yog tsis ntev los no tias thev naus laus zis tau nce siab txaus los tso cai rau cov duab HDR raug ntes hauv ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj.
Retinex
Nws yog cov txheej txheem kev yees duab suav nrog tsim los ntawm James D. MacKenzie thiab siv ntau lub koob yees duab tshaj lij. Cov txheej txheem yog ua raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus raws li HDR yees duab, thiab nws yuav siv tau los tsim dluab nrog ib tug dav dynamic ntau yam.
Retinex yog siv los tsim cov duab nrog ntau yam dynamic ntau yam. Retinex yog hom kev paub zoo tshaj plaws ntawm AI suav nrog kev yees duab, tab sis nws tsis yog tib qho xwb.
xaus
Peb tab tom mus txog qhov chaw uas suav nrog kev yees duab tau dhau los ua qhov hnyav dua. Nrog cov thev naus laus zis zoo li portrait hom thiab cinematic hom ntawm iPhone 13 pro, tam sim no peb tuaj yeem tsim cov duab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab uas zoo li lawv tau coj nrog lub koob yees duab siab DSLR.
Raws li cov cuab yeej no txuas ntxiv txhim kho, peb yuav tsim cov duab tiag tiag.
Koj xav li cas txog kev thaij duab hauv computer yuav hloov txoj hauv kev uas peb thaij duab yav tom ntej?
Sau ntawv cia Ncua