Wata ra'ayi ta kama tunanin masu hangen nesa da masu bincike iri ɗaya a cikin saurin haɓaka daular haɗin gwiwar fasahar ɗan adam: lace na jijiyoyi.
Wannan haɗin gwiwar kwakwalwa-kwamfuta (BCI) na ƙasa yana da yuwuwar canza hulɗar mu tare da fasahohin fasaha, yana tura iyakokin yuwuwar ɗan adam zuwa tsayin da ba a iya misaltawa.
Za mu fara tafiya zuwa duniyar canji ta lace na jijiyoyi wanda zai ƙare a mataki na juyin halitta na gaba: Neuralink.
Kasance tare da mu yayin da muke bincika yadda Neuralink ke ginawa akan tushen Neural Lace da haɓaka haɗin gwiwar fasahar ɗan adam zuwa sabon zamanin yuwuwar.
Dan Bayan Fage
Neural yadin da aka saka, Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙwaƙwalwa , wani babban mataki ne na ci gaba a cikin haɗin gwiwar mutum-injin.
Ya haɗa da shigar da raƙuman raƙuman na'urori masu ƙarfi a cikin kwakwalwa, suna samar da haɗin gwiwa mara kyau tare da tsarin kwakwalwa.
Wannan haɗin gwiwar yana ba da damar sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu tsakanin kwakwalwa da kayan aiki na waje.
Yadin da aka saka na jijiya yana da yuwuwar buɗe hanya don ƙarin ƙarfin fahimi, ingantacciyar sadarwa, da sabbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali don cututtukan jijiya.
Masana ilimin kimiyya, masu bincike, da masu fafutuka an ja hankalinsu zuwa ga ra'ayi na lace na jijiyoyi saboda yana ɓata bambance-bambance tsakanin hankali na dabi'a da ƙwarewar wucin gadi, yana share hanyar samun ci gaba a fannoni daban-daban na rayuwar yau da kullun.
Daga Neuralace zuwa Neuralink: Ci gaba da Haɗin Ƙwaƙwalwa-Machine
Canji daga Neuralace zuwa Neuralink wani muhimmin mataki ne na gaba a fagen kwakwalwa-kwamfuta (BCIs).
Neuralink, wanda ɗan kasuwa Elon Musk ke jagoranta, yana fatan sake haɓaka haɗin gwiwar fasahar ɗan adam ta hanyar gina sabbin ra'ayi na yadin da aka saka.
Babban BCIs da Neuralink ya haɓaka yana da nufin haɗawa ba tare da matsala ba kwakwalwa na mutum tare da kwamfutoci masu hankali, suna ba da damar sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu da buɗe sabon hangen nesa a cikin yuwuwar ɗan adam.
Tare da maƙasudin Neuralink da manyan saka hannun jari, manufar haɗa ɗan adam da hankali na wucin gadi ya ɗauki mataki na tsakiya, yana ba da alƙawarin ci gaba da canza wasa wanda zai iya canza hulɗar mu da fasaha da faɗaɗa hangen nesa na fahimtar ɗan adam.
Kafa hangen nesa da Ƙungiya ta Farko
Elon Musk da ƙungiyar masana kimiyya bakwai da injiniyoyi waɗanda suka ƙware a cikin ilimin kimiyyar ƙwaƙwalwa, biochemistry, da injiniyoyin mutum-mutumi sun kafa Neuralink a cikin 2016.
Burin farko na kamfanin shi ne samar da na'urori don magance cututtuka masu tsanani na kwakwalwa, tare da dogon buri na inganta dan Adam.
Musk ya yi tunanin wani Layer na dijital sama da cortex, yana samar da alaƙar sinadirai tare da hankali na wucin gadi, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa ga ra'ayin almara na kimiyya na "yadin da aka saka" daga Iain M. Banks' The Culture jerin.
Manufar ita ce magance raunin kwakwalwa da na kashin baya, tare da yiwuwar sake dawo da iyawar da aka rasa ta hanyar gina jiki.
Cigaba da Muzahara
Neuralink ya ja hankali a cikin Afrilu 2021 ta hanyar nuna biri yana buga wasan "Pong" ta amfani da dasa masarrafar kwakwalwar kwamfuta.
Duk da cewa fasaha iri ɗaya ta wanzu a baya, Neuralink's implant ya fice saboda ayyukansa mara igiyar waya da kuma ƙara yawan na'urorin lantarki, wanda ke nuna babban ci gaban injiniya.
Kamfanin ya so ya nuna yadda haɗin gwiwar kwakwalwa da kwamfuta za su iya sauƙaƙe hulɗar kai tsaye tsakanin kwakwalwa da kayan aiki na waje.
Koyaya, a watan Janairu 2022, shugabancin kamfanin da ƙungiyar ta asali sun canza, tare da masu haɗin gwiwa biyu kawai suka tsira.
Farko Mai Rubutu
Gizmodo ya yi iƙirarin a cikin 2018 cewa Neuralink yana kiyaye babban matakin sirri game da ayyukansa.
Yayin da aka rasa takamaiman bayanai, bayanan jama'a sun nuna aniyar kamfanin na buɗe wani gwajin dabbobi makaman a San Francisco.
Bayan haka, Neuralink ya fara ayyukan bincike a Jami'ar California, Davis.
An cire mayafin sirrin a cikin 2019 lokacin da ƙungiyar Neuralink ta nuna samfurin su kai tsaye a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta California.
Dangane da binciken da aka yi a UCSF da UC Berkeley, wannan na'urar da ta rushe ƙasa ta haɗa da bincike-binciken ƙwaƙƙwaran da aka allura a cikin kwakwalwa, robot ɗin neurosurgical don ingantattun hanyoyin, da kuma babban tsarin lantarki don fassara shigarwar neuron.
Fasahar Binciken Ci gaba
Binciken, waɗanda galibi an yi su da polyimide mai jituwa tare da siraran gwal ko na'ura mai sarrafa platinum, suna cikin zuciyar Neuralink's brain-computer interface.
Ana shigar da waɗannan binciken daidai gwargwado a cikin kwakwalwa ta mutum-mutumi mai sarrafa kansa.
Kowane bincike yana da wayoyi masu yawa tare da na'urorin lantarki don gano motsin wutar lantarki da yanki mai ji don mu'amala da tsarin lantarki, yana ba da damar haɓaka sigina da siye.
An ƙera waɗannan binciken da kyau, suna da wayoyi 48 ko 96 kuma har zuwa 32 daban-daban na lantarki.
Samuwar guda ɗaya na iya ɗaukar har zuwa na'urorin lantarki 3072, yana ba wannan fasaha gagarumin ci gaba a cikin iyawar siginar kwakwalwa.
Tushen N1 da Abubuwan da Ya Haɓaka: Dasa gaba
Samfurin flagship na Neuralink, N1 Implant, gabaɗaya ce ta kwakwalwar kwamfuta da za a iya dasa ta wacce ba ta da kyan gani kuma tana kusa da ido tsirara.
N1 Implant, wanda aka ajiye a cikin kwantena mai dacewa, an tsara shi don tsira da matsanancin yanayin yanayin jiki, yana tabbatar da aminci da tsawon rai a cikin jikin mutum.
Dasa, wanda ƙaramin baturi ke yi, yana yin caji ta hanyar waya ta amfani da cajar inductive, yana bawa masu amfani damar sarrafa kwamfutoci ko na'urorin hannu daga ko'ina.
Na ci gaba, da'irori marasa ƙarfi da siginonin kewayawa kafin a isar da su zuwa aikace-aikacen Neuralink ba tare da waya ba, wanda ke yanke rafin bayanai cikin umarni masu aiki.
Zaren: Rage Lalacewa da Ƙarfafa Tasiri
Implant na N1 daga Neuralink yana yin rikodin ayyukan neuronal ta hanyar lantarki 1024 da aka raba akan zaren 64.
Wadannan zaren bakin ciki, masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna da mahimmanci don rage raunin nama yayin dasawa da kuma tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na dogon lokaci.
Ƙwararren ƙwanƙwasa na lantarki yana ba da izini don sa ido kan siginar kwakwalwa daidai kuma mai yawa, don haka haɓaka yuwuwar fa'idodin fasahar BCI.
Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa
Kwakwalwar da ta dace ta N1 Implant an ƙera ta musamman don tsayayya da buƙatun yanayin yanayin jikin ɗan adam, yana tabbatar da aminci da tsawon rayuwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa-kwamfuta.
Dorewar harsashi yana ba da izinin dasa shuki don yin aiki da kyau a cikin hadadden mahalli na kwakwalwa ba tare da haifar da halayen da ba'a so ko rauni ga naman jijiyoyi da ke kewaye.
Wannan matakin daidaitawar halittu yana da mahimmanci wajen haɓaka ingantaccen abin dogaro da kwamfuta da kwamfuta wanda zai iya haɗuwa da kwakwalwar ɗan adam.
Zare tare da Babban Sauƙi: Daidaitawa zuwa Ƙwararrun Jijiya
Baya ga zama ultra-bakin ciki, zaren Neuralink suna da sassauƙa sosai, yana ba su damar daidaitawa da motsawa tare da yanayin yanayin kwakwalwa.
Wannan sassauci yana da mahimmanci don rayuwa na dogon lokaci saboda yana rage haɗarin damuwa na inji ko lalacewar nama na kwakwalwa da ke haifar da tsatsauran ra'ayi.
Ƙarfin zaren don dacewa da motsi na kwakwalwa yana tabbatar da haɗin kai mai sauƙi tare da kewayawa na jijiyoyi, haɓaka kwanciyar hankali da aiki na dogon lokaci na kwakwalwa-kwamfuta.
Electrodes da Cikakken Kulawar Jijiya
Ƙaƙƙarfan na'urorin lantarki a cikin dasawa yana ba da cikakken ra'ayi game da ayyukan kwakwalwa, yana ba da damar yin daidaitattun siginar siginar jijiya.
Faɗin ɗaukar hoto na da'irori na jijiyoyi yana ƙara yuwuwar haɓaka hulɗar kwakwalwa da injin, ba da damar maido da damar da aka rasa, maganin cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, da haɓaka ƙarfin ɗan adam ta hanyar fasahar haɗin gwiwar kwakwalwa da kwamfuta.
Cajin Baturi mara waya: Ƙara Ta'aziyyar Mai Amfani
Karamin baturi a cikin N1 Implant wata babbar sabuwar fasahar fasaha ce, tana ba da damar yin caji ta hanyar caja inductive.
Wannan aikin caji mara waya ba kawai yana sauƙaƙa amfani da shi ba har ma yana kawar da buƙatar hanyoyin maye gurbin baturi.
Ƙwaƙwalwar kwamfuta-kwakwalwa bayani ne mai tasiri da mai amfani don amfani na dogon lokaci saboda masu amfani zasu iya yin cajin dasa daga waje da jiki.
Daidaiton Robot ɗin Tiya
Saboda lallausan yanayin zaren, shigar da kyau yana buƙatar yin amfani da robot ɗin tiyata. Robot ɗin tiyata na Neuralink an ƙera shi sosai don yin allurar zaren daidai inda ake buƙata.
Shugaban mutum-mutumi, wanda aka keɓe tare da nagartaccen tsarin kyamara da na'urar daukar hoto na gani (OCT), yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen wuri da shigar da zaren masu kyau.
Allurar da ke kan mutum-mutumin ta fi gashin ɗan adam sirara kuma ta ƙware, tana sakawa, da fitar da zaren, yana tabbatar da aikin dasawa mai santsi da aminci.
Robot ɗin tiyata da Neuralink ya ƙera shine muhimmin mataki don sauƙaƙe shigar da bincike kaɗan.
Robot ɗin cikin sauri ya shigar da ɗimbin bincike masu sassauƙa a cikin kwakwalwa, yana rage haɗarin lalacewar nama da matsalolin rayuwa da ke da alaƙa da ƙaƙƙarfan bincike mai ƙarfi.
Robot ɗin yana manne da madaukai, yana yin alluran bincike guda ɗaya, kuma yana shiga cikin meninges da nama na kwakwalwa ta amfani da kan sakawa tare da allura da aka gina da tungsten-rhenium.
Ƙarfinsa na musamman yana ba shi damar saka wayoyi har zuwa shida, waɗanda suka haɗa da na'urorin lantarki 192, a kowane minti, suna haɓaka aikin dasa.
Custom Electronics don sarrafa bayanai
Neuralink ya ƙirƙiri ƙayyadaddun da'irar haɗaɗɗiyar ƙayyadaddun aikace-aikace (ASIC) don ɗaukar ɗimbin kwararar bayanai daga na'urorin lantarki.
A cikin guntu, wannan tsarin rikodi mai tashar tashoshi 1,536 ya ƙunshi 256 na'urorin haɓaka shirye-shirye masu zaman kansu waɗanda aka sani da "pixels analog" da masu juyawa analog-to-dijital (ADCs).
Tsarin yana tsara bayanan lambobi ta hanyar sarrafa kewaye, yana juya siginonin jijiyoyi zuwa lambar binary mai hankali.
Duk da iyakokin na'urorin lantarki na yanzu, waɗanda za su iya kama harbe-harbe na rukuni na neurons maimakon na daidaikun mutane, ƙungiyar Neuralink ta ci gaba da kasancewa da kyakkyawan fata, tare da yin bincike mai zurfi don inganta daidaito da fahimtar ayyukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar ci gaban lissafi.
Haɗin AI: Ba da damar Interface Brain-Computer
Neuralink yana kan gaba na ƙididdigewa, yana haɗa da Artificial Intelligence (AI) don inganta ƙarfin kwakwalwar kwamfuta-kwakwalwa (BCI).
Aikace-aikacen Neuralink ya dogara da ci gaba mashin ilmin lissafi don karantawa da nazarin ɗimbin ɗimbin bayanan jijiya da aka samu daga na'urorin lantarki da aka dasa.
Fasahar AI da aka yi amfani da ita tana ba da damar sa ido na ainihin-lokaci da kuma nazarin siginar ƙwaƙwalwa, tana ba da madaidaicin fassarar aikin kwakwalwa cikin sauri cikin umarni masu aiki.
Bugu da ƙari, haɓakawa da AI-kore yana taimakawa wajen shawo kan iyakokin girman lantarki na yanzu da kuma wahalar ɗaukar ayyukan neuron ɗaya.
Kwarewar BCI mai laushi: Ba da fifiko ga Amfani
Manufar Neuralink ita ce sadar da santsi kuma mai sauƙin amfani da kwakwalwar kwakwalwar kwamfuta.
Neuralink yana ba da tabbacin cewa masu amfani za su iya sauƙaƙe tare da na'urori na waje ta hanyar motsa jiki ta hanyar mai da hankali kan sarrafa kwamfuta mai sauri da aminci.
Wannan girmamawa akan amfani da samun dama yana sanya hanya ga BCIs don karɓu da kuma haɗa su cikin rayuwar yau da kullun.
La'akarin nan gaba
Ci gaba da neman haɓaka BCI ta Neuralink yana da babbar dama don inganta rayuwa.
Suna fatan kawo wannan sabbin fasahohin zamani daga dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa gidajen mutane ta hanyar dinke gibin da ke tattare da kimiyyar kwakwalwa, wanda zai yi tasiri matuka kan ci gaban likitanci da hadin gwiwar na'uran dan Adam.
Masu sha'awar shiga gwajin asibiti na Neuralink na gaba za su iya shiga Registry Registry don ƙarin koyo game da yuwuwar mu'amalar kwakwalwa da kwamfuta.
Kunsa shi
Nan gaba yayi alƙawarin yiwuwa masu ban sha'awa yayin da Neuralink ya ci gaba da tura iyakokin fasahar haɗin gwiwar kwakwalwa da kwamfuta tare da haɗawa da AI.
Yiwuwar tasirin wannan haɗin gwiwar ci gaba yana da nisa tare da cikakken dasa kuma mai dacewa da N1 Implant.
Manufar Neuralink tana shirye don canza yadda muke hulɗa da fasaha, daga maido da yancin kai ga daidaikun mutane waɗanda ba su cika buƙatun likita ba zuwa buɗe yuwuwar ɗan adam ta hanyar symbiosis na injin mutum mara kyau.
Yayin da fasahar fasaha ta wucin gadi ke ci gaba, damar da za a iya inganta aikin kwakwalwa, magance cututtuka na jijiya, har ma da kai ga symbiosis tare da AI sun kara bayyana, suna haifar da sabon zamani na ci gaban ɗan adam da iyakoki mara iyaka.
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